**3.2 Socioeconomic-related factors**

This aspect included influences originating from the patient's socioeconomic status (SES), not from the patient themselves nor the healthcare providers, for example, living conditions, financial situation, limited access to healthcare, and social support [4, 15]. Higher SES appeared to influence adherence positively, as detailed in **Table 2**.

#### **3.3 Healthcare system-related factors**

The relationship between patient and healthcare providers, or within the healthcare system itself, might influence medication adherence. This extended to communication problems and healthcare system requirements, making it difficult for patients to comprehend or follow treatment [4, 15].

The support from healthcare professionals played a vital role in improving patients' adherence, particularly during follow-ups. Inadequate communication between healthcare providers led to insufficient communication with patients, leading to nonadherence [4].

Insurance or other healthcare cost assistance was positively associated with medication adherence [29, 30]. Cost assistance helped patients to receive medications they would not afford otherwise. However, not all medications were covered [29, 30]. The ARTEMIS trial and the MI FREEE trial concluded that reducing the financial burden of treatment through full coverage prescription or copayment vouchers improved adherence [4]. One study reported increased adherence when providing a financial incentive to patients [31], while another reported that adherence only improved significantly when financial incentives were provided to both physicians and patients [4].
