**2. Identification of nonadherence in clinical practice**

The first and foremost issue for improving adherence is identifying nonadherence in all patients who do not respond to treatment. A simple and pragmatic solution for clinicians is to ask patients nonjudgmentally the frequency of their missed doses. Patients generally want to please their clinicians, thus avoiding declaring their missed doses. A few questions clinicians might ask their patients to feel more comfortable telling the truth were suggested: "I know it must be difficult to take all your medications regularly. How often do you miss taking them?" [8]. Other indirect questions should be asked to assess the likelihood of nonadherence, including how severe their disease is, what the benefits of taking medications are, whether they have any side effects from their medications and whether they have any troubles related to taking their medications (e.g. high medication costs or complex regimens).
