**11. Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and lupus**

NF-κB is an inflammation driving factor that mediates the release of IL-6, IL-12 and TNF. In healthy individuals, the A20 binding inhibitors of NF-κB (ABINs1–3) help keeping it in an inactive form in the cytoplasm. It is its activation followed by phosphorylation and degradation and subsequently induction of gene expression that is associated with the pathogenesis of SLE. The gene encoding the ABIN1 protein presents polymorphism that is associated with a predisposition for autoimmune disease. The TNIP1 (TNFAIP3-interacting protein 1) gene locus that encodes for the protein ABIN1 is associated with predisposition to SLE [25].
