**5. HLA genes and age**

Recent research has shown that HLA genes are implicated differently in the pathogenesis of lupus according to age. HLA genes are more implicated in the pathogenesis of lupus in older than in younger patients. This may be due to the fact that lupus in young patients is more related to infection while in older individuals is associated with the intake of drugs administered for various other ailments such as antihypertensive drugs, for instance, captopril [8, 9].

### **6. Lupus erythematosus genetics and other autoimmune diseases**

An association of lupus with myasthenia gravis in a male patient has been HLA investigated and found positivity for HLA DRB1602-frequent in autoimmune disorders associated with the production of autoantibodies, DRB1401 frequent in lateonset myasthenia gravis, and A1B8 found in three of seven patients with both lupus erythematosus and myasthenia gravis [10–12].
