**4.3 Insulin substitution therapy**

Insulin replacement therapy, also referred to as intensive insulin therapy or basalbolus therapy, is a comprehensive approach to helping patients achieve optimal blood glucose control by mimicking the physiologic delivery of insulin. This approach uses current understanding of factors affecting glucose homeostasis to permit patients to use flexible insulin dosing to match their lifestyles and preferences.

For Type 1 diabetes, a basal-bolus regimen with a long-acting analog and a shortor rapid-acting insulin analog is the most physiologic insulin regimen and the best option for optimal glycemic control [10].
