**Table 2.**

*Genes associated with T1D and odds ratio.*

*Type 1 Diabetes: Current Advances in High-Throughput Technologies and Computational… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108248*

have been also associated with CTLA-4 [31]. In a recent report by Ueda et al., the CT60-A/G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was suggested to produce lower amounts of sCTLA-4 mRNA in T1D patients [32]. However, a recent study found serum sCTLA-4 (protein) levels to be slightly higher in T1D patients. Although contradicting the idea that CT-60 SNP controls the expression of sCTLA-4, sCTLA-4 may still be a risk factor for T1D. These observations propose that sCTLA-4 may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases, probably through inhibiting the B7-mCTLA-4 interaction and down-regulation of T cell activation [31]. Further characterization of these genes and disease variants requires genotyping of a large number of subjects [2].
