**2. Case reports**

To demonstrate different challenges and aspects of insulin pump therapy, four men and six ladies were chosen out of 20 people with T1D registered in an urban diabetes center. They were 28 to 57 years old (y/o), with a duration of diabetes from 8 months to 47 years, and insulin pumps were implemented for a period ranging from 2 months to 30 years.

Each of the following case reports consists of a **Focus** (the reason for demonstration); a short **Medical history**; a **Current goal** (an objective for further management); a **Table** with important clinical and laboratory parameters; two **Figures**: a graph with absolute values illustrating the progress of HbA1c, BMI, and INS/d in time; a graph with relative values, where 100% of HbA1c, BMI, and INS/d corresponds to the highest value of a respective physiological range. Later, the effectiveness of the pump was assessed based on clinical and laboratory parameters as well as its subjective impression on the user.

Providing the user with the proper knowledge, skills and attitudes ensure the possibility that the health benefits, convenience, and comforts that the AHCL algorithm offers are utilized to their full potential. Therefore, everyone was familiarized with: physiological insulin function, prandial boluses, basal rate, the effects of physical activity, nutrition, energy intake and expenditure, and how all the above effects the parameters of therapeutic efficiency (HbA1c, body mass, glycemia, and INS/d) [21]. Additionally, they were taught how to use glucometer-strips system for self-monitoring (such as Calla, Galileo Glu/Ket, Contour plus, and ambulatory glycaemic profiles), insulin pens, and most importantly, insulin pumps. Specifically, this entails refilling the insulin reservoir, catheter insertion and replacement in 3-day intervals, sensor insertion, entering saccharide information before and during meals, and overall maintenance of the pump. Education on the insulin pump was provided after implementation either within a two-week hospitalization period or in an outpatient alternative mode.
