See **Table 9**.

Diagnosis confirmed with CT scan followed by observation and surgical intervention [15].

*Life Threatening but Preventable and Treatable Medical Complications of Abdominal Trauma DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106134*


#### **Table 8.**

*Grade of splenic injury.*


#### **Table 9.**

*Grades of hepatic injury.*

#### **11.6 Renal injury**

	- Grade 1: Subcapsular hematoma with or without renal contusion.
	- Grade 2: Laceration less than or equal to 1 cm in depth without any urinary extravasation.
	- Grade 3: Laceration more than 1 cm without urinary extravasation.
	- Grade 4: Laceration which involve collecting system with extravasation of urine; renal vascular injury of any segment; renal infarction; renal pelvis laceration with or without disruption of ureteropelvic.
	- Grade 5: Shattering or devascularization of kidney with active bleeding; main renal vascular avulsion or laceration.
	- Gross hematuria.
	- Microscopic hematuria with hypotension (systolic pressure <sup>&</sup>lt; 90 mmHg).
	- Diffuse abdominal tenderness.
	- Vertebral transverse process or rib fractures [15].

#### **11.7 Urogenital organs**

Bladder, testicular, urethral and uretral injury are common with abdominal trauma, need to be confirmed with ultrasonography, retrograde urethrography and CT scan, followed by surgical intervention and correction.
