*3.2.6 The relationship of mild osteogenesis imperfecta OI with low bone mineral density after menopause*

According to chi-square test results, the appearance of mild OI can be associated with all cases of bone mineral density in the lumbar position (the appearance of this association decreases with normal bone mineral density and increases in the rest of the cases). The appearance of mild OI is associated with cases of low bone mineral density in the lumbar position or the femoral position.

According to Related-Samples McNemar Change Test results, there is an association between the appearance of mild OI and normal bone mineral density in the femoral position (an inverse relationship).

No participant showed the studied collagen mutation (COL1A2rs72658152). However, there is a study indicating that COL1A2rs72658152 mutation is present in women who are carriers of symptoms of mild OI and at the same time they have osteoporosis or osteopenia after menopause (low bone mineral density). This study was a solution to one of the drawbacks of Loretta's study [12, 23], the number of participants is larger. In fact, there is an association between carriers of symptoms of mild osteogenesis imperfecta and postmenopausal osteoporosis. What led to thinking that osteoporosis after menopause is not a primary osteoporosis [24] due to the presence of genetic causes for it and because it is a consequence of genetic diseases, as mild OI [23]. Mild OI is a genetic disease whose symptoms are very mild, it does not have serious clinical manifestations, but after menopause the condition develops into postmenopausal osteoporosis. This summary is explained statistically according


#### **Table 6.**

*Results of related-samples McNemar change test, odd ratio tests, chi-square tests to evaluate the relationship of mild OI to bones statues (normal, osteopenia, osteoporosis).*


**Table 7.** *Results of the statistical relationships that study the relationship between carriers of {mild OI with low bone mineral density in the lumbar or femoral position (osteoporosis or osteopenia) after menopause} with the data of the participants.*

#### *Biomechanical Insights into Osteoporosis*

*Genetic Targets May Be a Promising Future for Osteoporosis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110336*

to **Table 6** containing the results of statistical studies (McNemar Change Test, Odd Ratio test, chi-square test) which were applied to study the relationship between mild osteogenesis imperfecta and femoral and/or lumbar bone mineral density in all its forms (normal/osteoporosis/osteopenia) (**Figure 4**, **Table 7**).

*3.2.7 The relationship of carriers (mild OI with low bone mineral density in the lumbar or femoral position (osteoporosis or osteopenia) after menopause with the data of the participants)*

According to chi-square test results, this comorbidity (mild OI, low BMD) increases in tall women 170–179, and women who show a peak in bone pain complaints at the age of 60–80.

According to Related-Samples McNemar Change Test results, the emergence of bone pain complaints at the age of 60–70 is considered a risk factor for the emergence of this comorbidity.
