**Acknowledgements**

We thank many precious studies in O3-related research in the world for improving our knowledge. The last author is grateful for offering much information offered by Prof. E. Agathokleous, Dr. M. Watanabe, Dr. M. Yamaguchi, Prof. WJ. Wang, Dr. Y. Mizuuchi, Prof. T. Izuta, and Dr. T. Watanabe. Financial support in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFE0127700; LY. Qu), JST (No. JPMJSC18HB: representative researcher, M. Watanabe of TUAT and T. Watanabe of HU), and the AUDI environmental foundation through TUM, Germany.
