**8. Scales for QOL**

Health-related quality of life is a subjective state of cancer patients and therefore must be reported or rated by individuals (patients) themselves. This QOL rating is usually done using a questionnaire. Individuals are asked to answer one or more questions in a variety of areas that include physical, emotional, and social health [8].

*Physical Health*: Physical functioning, satisfaction with physical ability, mobility, pain effects, pain severity, role limitations due to physical health.


#### **Table 3.**

*Parameters for ensure and measure quality of life among cancer patients.*

*The Quality of Life in Cancer Patients DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105990*

*Mental Health*: Psychological distress (anxiety and depression), psychological wellbeing (positive affect and feelings of belonging), cognitive functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems.

*General Health*: Energy/fatigue, sleep problems, psychophysiologic symptoms, social functioning, role functioning (e.g., unable to work), current health perceptions, and health distress.

Some of the scales are also available to measure the QOL among cancer patients as mentioned below [8]:


**Figure 1.** *Source: [9].*
