**2.2 Pain relievers**

Treatment with pain relievers is the first line of treatment for bone metastases. Common medications for pain relief from bone metastases are based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. If the pain is mild, the main treatment is nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or acetaminophen. Tramadol can be used in the second line of treatment in cases of moderate pain, and in the next step, if the pain is not controlled, drugs can be used. Drugs relieve pain with short-term effects such as oxycodone and hydromorphone [18].
