**2.1 Treatment modalities of bone metastases**

Because people with bone metastases live longer than other visceral metastases, finding the right treatment and dealing with the complications of bone metastases are very important in oncology. The goals of treatment for bone metastases include maximizing pain control, maintaining limb function, maintaining bone stability, and local control of the tumor. There are several treatments for bone metastasis and its associated effects, including the use of pain relievers, bisphosphonates, surgery, external beam radiotherapy, and targeted radionuclide therapy [13, 17].
