**Abstract**

Osteosarcomas of the head and neck (HNOS) are an infrequent disease, representing less than 10% of all osteosarcomas and 1% of all head and neck cancers. However, they exhibit a different clinical behavior and natural history than extremities osteosarcomas (OS), therefore requiring a specific study and analysis. Specifically, in head and neck sites, OS have shown a different presentation age, reduced likelihood of distant metastases, and a severely higher local recurrence rates. This may be due to the difficulties in ensuring wide negative margins, given the multiple vital structures surrounding tumors in this particular region. This singular features render HNOS a different prognosis and prognostic factors, becoming a topic that should be assessed independently, as they may need a different treatment approach than osteosarcomas of the trunk or extremities.

**Keywords:** osteosarcoma, jaw osteosarcoma, head and neck, mandible osteosarcoma, head and neck cancer, head and neck sarcomas, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, oncologic surgery, reconstructive surgery
