**6. Conclusion**

The Pontine Plain is a fragile and young territory, and its fragilities, unrestrained anthropogenic use, and natural changes have brought various types of disasters, as described in this chapter. The fascist reclamation of the Pontine Plain dramatically affected the demography of the area, considering that the people from North Italy (Lombardia, Veneto, and Emilia-Romagna regions) who moved to the plain would have preserved the area. Before this time, the area was abandoned and attended by criminals. Currently, although the area is well populated and tended, global climate change (e.g., [25]) and the geological circumstances continue to modify the environment, bringing several hazards (seismic activity, volcanic activity, coastal erosion, sinkholes, and drinking water contamination) attributable to both nature and recent human activities. Most importantly, the plain could again experience a submerged period, which began in the post-glacial period (Holocene) and is being strengthened by global warming.
