**6. Facies analysis**

Classification of facies types in the Kolosh formation is followed [15–20]. Sedimentological field studies combined with microscopic facies analysis of Paleocene siliciclastic sequences in the Badelyan area have resulted in the recognition of 11 sedimentary facies (**Table 2**, plate/5). Facies types are grouped into four main categories, based on their lithological characteristics and formation processes, comprised mainly of mudstones, sandstones, and minor carbonate and silicified facies (**Table 2**). The textural characteristics, grain and facies association and depositional settings of the studied rocks are summarized in **Table 2**.

Firstly, facies description and environmental interpretation of the facies are discussed. Further details on sedimentary environments and regional depositional settings are provided in the following;

Eleven lithofacies types are composed of interbedded thick mudstone, muddy sandstones, and pebbly sandstones arranged basically in fining upward Bouma turbidity cycles [29]. Bouma cycles are capped with pelagic limestone or silicified mudstones. The field observations of facies types and sedimentological features are compatible with deep water slope apron to basin plain depositional system. Specific facies types of turbidite origin are discussed and interpreted in **Table 2**.

#### **6.1 Facies association**

Lithofacies types of the Kolosh formation are grouped into four main facies associations, each one is referred to a certain depositional system, these are:


**Table 2.**

*Lithofacies types identified in the Kolosh formation of Badelyan locality.*

#### *6.1.1 FA1, slope/submarine-channel fan*

The lower part of the Kolosh formation in the studied area represents submarine channels developed in slope margins. Submarine erosion and deposition of
