**2. Novel food packaging technology**

The world population is on the increase. Currently, there are over 7.8 Billion people living on this planet, this number is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050. With this rise in population and pressure on food, from ancient system of gathering food to modern day food, food production value chains fears that global food production could not meet up with the population growth of animals on earth. This leads to the need to improve people's access to sufficient, nutritious and value adding food while handling the climate impact on the environment. And as the demand for food increases, peoples also require food access that will meet their personal convenience/need. Novel arose as a result of consumer's desire for convenient, ready to eat, tasty and mild processed food products with extended shelf life and maintained quality. Recent trend of lifestyle changes with less time for consumers to prepare foods posed a great challenge toward food packaging sector for the evolution of novel and innovative food packaging techniques. The novel food packaging techniques includes; (1) Active packaging (AP) (2) Intelligent packaging (IP) and (3) Bio-active packaging which involve intentional interaction with the food or its surroundings and influence on consumer's health have been the major innovations in the field of packaging technology. These novel techniques act by prolonging the shelf life, enhancing or maintaining the quality, providing indication and to regulate freshness of food product. The advancement in novel food packaging technologies involves retardation in oxidation, hindered respiratory process, prevention of microbial attack, prevention of moisture infusion, use of CO2 scavengers/emitters, ethylene scavengers, aroma emitters, time–temperature sensors, ripeness indicators, biosensors and sustained release of antioxidants during storage. The novel food packaging technologies besides the basic function of containment increase the margin of food quality and safety. The novel food packaging techniques thus help in fulfilling the demands throughout the food supply chain by gearing up toward persons own lifestyle (**Figure 3**).

**Figure 3.** *Model for packaging function [41].*
