**2.4 PBS buffer (1X solution)**

PBS buffer was prepared with the following composition (**Table 1**) and adjusted the pH to 7.0 Autoclaved the PBS buffer solution and cooled and stored at 4°C [15].

### **2.5 Lab-scale production**

LB broth media was used for lab-scale production of inoculum [16]. We prepared 5 L for lab-scale production media, autoclaved at 121°C, 15 psi for 15 min, cooled and added 2% mother inoculum, and incubated at 30°C, 160 rpm, and 22 h at the shaker incubator. The media pH was kept at 7.0 ± 0.2. The growth of bacteria and CFU was analyzed.
