**11. Conclusion**

Microbiome research has made great progress in the past decades due to recent scientific advances in genetics and genomics. Consequently, despite being a relatively new field, microbiome has been successfully employed to alter microbiota and demonstrate promising prospects for therapeutics. It's worth noting that longterm usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics has the potential to damage the human microbiome. As a result, the indigenous microbial community becomes unbalanced,

#### *Microbiome - The Power House of Health and Disease DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106026*

allowing invading diseases to thrive. Treatments that include pre and probiotics, on the other hand, should be recommended. As a result, greater study into the use of probiotic therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases is needed. Indeed, our knowledge of the biology of complex diseases is expanding at an unprecedented rate and with unprecedented resolution, even as we recognize that what we have seen thus far is simply the tip of the iceberg, and that a large corpus of knowledge appears to be just around the corner. This should eventually lead to more effective treatments and prevention methods based on logical microbiota-based therapeutics. Therefore, researchers are using high throughput sequencing technologies and analytical methods, substantial advances have been achieved in both identifying the microbial taxa and understanding the relationship between microbiome composition and host phenotype, providing mechanistic insight on which microbes may be beneficial or which may be detrimental to one's health and given each microbiome is unique to an individual, this represents how high throughput sequencing technologies is impacting the future of personalized medicine and animal health, enhanced crop yield and nutritional quality, and the control of various pests and disease agents. In similar way, a complex microbiome minimizes the risk of some diseases, and probiotics can help with symptoms like IBS and eczema. Current tools and understanding of the microbiome have enabled researchers to develop new strategies to leverage applications of the microbiome. Overall, the grand vision of applied microbiome research is to improve health of humans, animals, plants, and whole ecosystem.
