**3. Demand and area to address**

The extent of biofuel production and its testing at various levels has increased in past few years as countries of the world are achieving in higher share in context of "green energy." The world is going toward sustainable options to minimize the global pollution and energy scarcity problem. The need of proper manipulation and effective utilization is required to for achievement of self-sufficiency, thereby working under national and international policies. To expedite the process of identification of diversity in fuels and the pattern in demand based upon quality of biofuel can describe the greater way to exploit specified crop plants for fulfilling global energy demands. The pattern of various results showed that consumption of plant-derived fuel has been increased since 2000 [22].

The history suggests that initially production of first generation biofuels was from agricultural raw material. The renewable source of biofuels includes vegetable oil, which is utilized for its production by transesterification method. Whereas the major input material for biodiesel production in EU is rapeseed mustard oil and accounts for 57–70% of biodiesel production [22]. The utilization of plant-based fuel brings the idea of HEAR oil and to utilize it as biodiesel for its characteristic properties with high number of carbon atoms (C22:1) and potentially to produce good amount of energy [23]. Studies reported that rapeseed mustard utilization for biofuel production has become more independent and is gradually converting into significant in terms of industrial use [24], claiming as per EU biofuel directive (2003/30/EC) implemented targets for biofuel. The total biofuel product using rapeseed as primary input for

#### *Nature of Importance of Various Parameters for Ideal Biofuel Crops: Special Reference… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107102*

biofuel production for industrial purpose shares total production until 15–40%., whereas the rest of the produce was utilized as primary purpose, which includes food feed and postharvest processing. Zentková and Cvengrošová (2013) reported that the ever-increasing demand of biodiesel leads to an increase in production and acreage of rapeseed as an input for biodiesel production. This need to render the demands of global fuel can open the significant opportunities for farmers and allied sectors, the placement of their production to mitigate the farmers paradox of too high production and low demand. The production followed by better utilization will accelerate the biodiesel production via identified efficient methods.

It is to be noted that global food demand will change with the bifurcation of utilization of rapeseed mustard especially for the countries where it is major edible oil seed crop. Hence, methods to develop quality fatty acid profile with special reference to biodiesel production will develop the case of its production and consumption security. To achieve this by balancing the food demand and oil production for fuel manipulation and efficient usage of conventional and nonconventional approaches are required. However, to offer the better choice of healthy and acceptable food to the consumer a coordination of plant breeding, food processing and nutrition science is required, which can exponentially increase the specific traits in relation to oil quality suitable for biodiesel without altering the yield.

The focused quality production by rendering the modification of fatty acid composition of rapeseed oil is required and recommended. The production of rapeseed lines with good amount of lauric acid and myrestic acid identifies the one quality toward energy source. To address the check points in case of quality parameters plant pathways and various linked genes can be identified and triggered leading to the efficient carbon fixation and its conversion to lipids. Therefore, identification and understanding lipid biosynthesis pathways can delineate the ways to induce the relevant system in development of mutation breeding programs in plant breeding for the development of long-chain fatty acid rapeseed genotypes beyond current level [23, 25].

During the last decades, different plant breeding strategies have been used to improve oil yield and quality, and work has been done to improve tolerance in terms of biotic and abiotic stresses in edible and nonedible oil plants. New biotechnological tools such as marker-aided selection, next-generation sequencing, "omics" technologies, and genetic engineering have accelerated the breeding process for such traits in these kinds of plants. Identification and isolation of major genes involved in the lipid biosynthesis pathways using omics technologies and their transfer to edible and nonedible oil plants are expected to result in economical oil production in such plants as feedstock for biodiesel production [26]. Different genetic engineering strategies aimed at changing the structure of the enzymes as well as overexpression or silencing of the genes involved in the oil production pathway have been used to enhance oil yield and quality in nonedible oil plants. In this article, recent advances in the field of plant genetic engineering for improving oil production in biofuel crops and in particular in tow of the most promising nonedible plants, i.e., *Jatropha* and *Camelina* are reviewed and discussed [27].
