between the dam seat and natural ground is sufficient, and cut off ditches are not necessary (**Figure 8**).

#### *10.2.2 Ditch and furrow system*

Shallow, flat-bottomed, and closely spaced ditches or furrows provide maximal water contact area for recharge water from the source stream or canal in locations with variable topography. This technique is less sensitive to silting and preparation of soil is very less [16].
