**2. Agro-production scenario in Pakistan**

Pakistan has two cropping seasons i.e., Kharif and Rabi for the production of crops. Major crops produced in the Kharif season are bajra, sugarcane, rice, moong, mash, maize, jowar, and cotton while wheat, masoor, and barley crops are produced in the Rabi season to accomplish the nutritional demands [24]. **Figure 3** shows temporal

#### **Figure 3.**

*Temporal variation of major crop yields for both Kharif and Rabi seasons in Pakistan from 2000 to 2020 reproduce here from Agriculture Marketing Information Service (AIMS) http://www.amis.pk/agristatistics/ production.aspx.*
