**Abstract**

Plant genetic resources are the use of plant materials, such as seed, pollen, and other plant organs, which have potential value for food and agriculture. The future of crop improvement programs relies on the quality of plant materials. Globally, agriculture and food production are confronted with diverse issues, such as climate change, genetic erosion, land degradation, loss of biodiversity, and human encroachment. A wider genetic diversity research will mitigate these challenges and improve crop production. In today's science innovative approaches, such as the use of molecular markers, cryopreservation, genebanks, and relevant molecular assays are changing the face of collating data, preparation, processing, and sorting of genetic resources. The objective of this review article is to discuss the revolutionary approaches to plant genetic resources and how they will help in the improvement of agricultural production.

**Keywords:** plant genetic resource, biodiversity, research, technology, conservation
