*Genetically Modified Crops and Their Impact on New Era of Agriculture DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105937*

quantitative trait genes, which necessitates a deeper knowledge of gene regulatory networks. As a result, expanding our knowledge of gene regulatory networks is the foundation for greater crop development. Furthermore, the approach of knocking out target genes via NHEJ has attracted a strong interest for boosting agricultural output and quality. Gene targeted insertion or substitution enable the genes to integrate more easily. The HR repair pathway is ineffectual, constraining the use of site-specific insertion and substitution. It is also expected that eliminating the HR approach to editing would lead to more precise and effective crop improvement. If the seed is the most valuable portion of the plant and the crop is mostly self-fertilised, a good fertility restoration mechanism is necessary. It is likely that by coupling inducible male sterility with apomixis, fertile plants may be obtained once the trait was fixed. It is also necessary to guarantee that apomixis is inducible, encouraging apomixis to restore to sexual reproduction and enabling the breeder the opportunity of further enhancing the hybrids by establishing appropriate combiner lines.

The world has already experienced two technical revolutions and is currently undergoing a third revolution based on biotechnology and genomics, which is predicted to yield a plethora of transgenic crops for the benefit of humanity. Genetic engineering is a radical departure from traditional breeding since it allows scientists to transfer genetic material across organisms that could not be bred earlier. The degree of public knowledge regarding the benefits and drawbacks of transgenic plants should be strengthened, laying the groundwork for the effective dissemination of research findings to real time application. The central emphasis should be on the advancement of technologies competent of bridging the gaps in modern day technology. Nonetheless, developing countries are now required to assess genetically modified (GM) crops, and they will subsequently be expected to investigate the potential use of GM trees, cattle, and fish. These advancements may provide prospects for greater output, productivity, product quality, and adaptive fitness, but they will almost likely pose challenges to developing countries' research and regulatory capability.
