**3. Conclusions and future perspectives**

A few of the crucial radish breeding features are higher yield, early maturity, late bolting, pungency, cold hardiness, drought resistance, heat tolerance, and soil adaptation. Self-incompatibility alleles found in the radish genome make it possible to produce F1 hybrids without the time-consuming and labor-intensive manual emasculation necessary for radish. To prevent hand emasculation, it is essential to know the S haplotypes of the parental lines when creating F1 combinations. Inter- and intra-specific hybridizations are essential for the effective generation of radish yield because they allow the introduction of favorable agronomic features into the population. It is crucial to get comprehensive genetic data on chromosomes as well as the knowledge of inheritance. Researchers must comprehend the regulatory variables that synchronize at different developmental stages for each of the above-mentioned features in order to better understand and predict resistance, yield characteristics, and fruit quality. It is still essential to create a reliable and long-lasting plan for plant disease resistance, which is now being thought about. This is due to the ability of diseases to produce new bacterial strains, which may evade resistance. Scientists will now have accurate knowledge on disease resistance genes for a range of diseases as well as genes encoding essential biochemical features of the plant thanks to the completion of large-scale sequencing of the radish genomes earlier this year. One such method is speed breeding; as the cost of genome sequencing decreases, RAD-sequencing and DNA microarrays will be used more often, allowing for quicker genome mapping and tagging of novel quantitative trait loci. In order to enhance the number of resistant radish genotypes, these quantitative trait loci (QTLs) may introduce resistance into high-yielding radish genotypes and combine them with important resistance genes. Additionally, to increase radish crop output and quality, GWAS (genome-wide association studies) may map traits to particular candidate genes on a genome-wide scale. Using trait-specific genetic resources, heterotic potential, hundreds of molecular markers, highly saturated genetic maps, and effective contemporary technologies will all contribute to the development of prospective radish varieties and hybrids with improved quality and stress tolerance. Significant genetic and metabolic variety has been found, opening the door to breeding for genetic improvement and controlled harvest variability in agriculture. Finally, the use of trait-specific genetic resources, as well as the availability of thousands of molecular markers, highly saturated genetic maps, and efficient modern tools, will undoubtedly aid in the development of potential radish varieties and hybrids with improved quality and stress tolerance. Future radish breeding strategies that are crucial for boosting output and productivity as well as the effective use of input resources include targeted breeding strategies to create model crop ideotypes, improve nutritional quality, increase sustainability of production, increase adaptability to various climatic conditions, and increase tolerance to insects and diseases and efforts to pyramid two- or multi-tiered breeding approaches to widen the genetic base.

*An Update on Radish Breeding Strategies: An Overview DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108725*
