**1. Introduction**

Due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic, which has recently spread all over the world and has been declared as a global pandemic by WHO (World Health Organization), many people have been adversely affected. The COVID-19 outbreak damages many organs, especially the lungs, and this poses an extra-large risk for major diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

COPD is a common public disease known worldwide, and its lethal power is increasing day by day [1]. COPD disease is closely related to lung volumes and capacities [2, 3]. Vital capacity (VC) is one of the most important lung parameters [4]. VC is the maximum volume of air taken into and out of the lungs during breathing [5]. The correct measurement of VC is of greatest importance to provide insights on the diagnostic about lung-related obstructive, restrictive, or mixed diseases. Moreover, knowledge of lung volume changes is very important to track the history of

many restrictive and obstructive lung problems and their response to various treatments [6].

VC measurements are used for monitoring diseases [7]. For example, chronic reduction in VC may reduce lung compliance. These physiological changes increase the load on the emaciated respiratory muscles and eventually cause a vicious circle of respiratory dysfunction [8]. The VC value is also related to the disease in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and can provide information about the level of the disease [9]. Measurements of VC are used to predict disease progression and to help identify diaphragm dysfunction (DD) [10]. VC is also a very important parameter used for mechanical noninvasive ventilation [11].

A healthy adult's VC ranges from approximately 3000 to 5000 ml liters [12]. The parameters that affect a person's VC can be listed as age, gender, height, mass, and ethnicity, respectively [13]. Many studies in the literature have been done to measure and predict VC [14]. Lung capacity estimates are also made on radiographic images [15]. But spirometer is the most used device to measure VC [16]. The spirometer is the most commonly used device for collecting information about lungrelated diseases [17].

**Figure 1** shows the lung volume and capacity parameters measured with the aid of a spirometer [18].

Although the spirometer is currently the most commonly used measurement tool to measure lung parameters, many of them are not portable (the prices of portable ones are very high), their use requires a technician, it cannot be used in the home environment, since the printouts are on paper instead of recording in digital media, and has a high cost.

Machine learning (ML) algorithms such as artificial intelligence (AI), fuzzy logic (FL) are widely used techniques in biomedical studies. Particularly, deep learning (DL) models, due to their superior performance in prediction and classification problems, have become quite popular recently [19]. As a result of the extensive literature search, a VC prediction study with a deep network structure has not been encountered. In this chapter, unlike the literature, the VC parameter value was successfully estimated using the person's age, height, and weight information using the deep learning technique. This value was measured on real patients using a medical spirometer.

The objective of this chapter is twofold, namely, to:

**Figure 1.** *Lung volume and capacity parameters.*

*Deep Network Model and Regression Analysis Using OLS Method for Predicting Lung… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104737*

