**2.Public interest theory**

The informed theory being the public interest theory assumes that regulation is formulated to correct various types of market failures and to improve social welfare, as seen in traditional welfare economics. Under this assumption, regulations are constructed by a government with the intention of maximising social welfare, and no other interest groups can intervene in the regulatory process.

The public interest theory believes that guideline is defined to address different kinds of market decline and to improve social welfare, as in economic welfare. Under this supposition, guidelines are developed by an administration with the goal of augmenting social welfare assistance, and no other vested organisations can mediate in the administrative cycle of the provision of welfare [19]. The public interest assumption depends on this cited example that the Public Service outfits commonly entrusted to advance public purposes as premise on constitution are relied upon to fill in as a regulator over government conduct. As the evaluation depends on the public interest theory, that social ideal size increases with an expansion in political rivalry. This is on the grounds that, in conditions of expanded political competitiveness, communities have advantage from the increase of political ideas, which adds to the successful observing of provides being the politicians [20]. Its concept and function differ country by country based on governing ideology of the society. Liberal states usually construe this theory by considering individual orientation and social states by society priority. The concept of public interest and the mechanism to achieve it in law and ethics philosophy in general and in Iranian Constitution is a disputing discussion. We assume that any school construes public interest by its selected ideology in law philosophy and political theory. Likewise, however, the emergence of this concept in governance and the mechanism to use it in society in well devised manner are the products of intellectualism. It is since this era that government has been obliged to purvey the interests of its citizens and nationals.

Summarily, the government regulation is to correct, flawed competition, unfair procedure, lacking processes of provision and adverse results. This is the perspective of justification regulation and to the government as omniscient, omnipotent, and benevolent regulator. Public interest theory explains regulations from viewpoints not restricted. Regulation can improve the allocation efficiency [21]. Where the government produces a good or service, regulation is a critical factor of consideration, whereas the private firm provides the same goods or services within confines and as defined by legislation, and the issue of regulation is also applicable [22, 23]. Hence, the control of the provision of public services with regards to recreational facilities with emphasis on the Greater-Jos.

#### **2.1 Relationship between stakeholders, and the recreational facilities provision**

Stakeholder activity is connected to the interaction among stakeholders in creating value for their different goals to be achieved. The identity of a stakeholder is in the process of interrelationships among groups that have a stake in such activities that make up a successful business or influences the development of a system [24]. They can be referred to a group of local agencies as well as operators (private providers) who engage in planning, provision and implementing programmes for the wellbeing of the people which they are part and parcel of the system. The effect is due to policy integration, and to influence the processes in the areas concerned [25, 26]. Though, Individuals as private providers formed a whole system in case of multi-stakeholders, creating grounds for ethical means of generating the required resources for expertise and knowledge. The knowledge is for different stakeholders to deal with issues comprehensively and, to express the strength of the approach for an effective outcome [27]. Thus, the knowledge is connected to a policy framework which usually seeks to meet the criteria of the assessed system scheme to decisionmaking, and views. The views are credit of stakeholders' divergent values and beliefs, unbiased, and fair of a judgement of contrary interest [28]. The behaviour of stakeholders with regards to policy is highly infusing, because of time and space that eventually affects the development of the policies. While residents are direct beneficiaries, and their perception invariably influences the development of the policies and strategies [29].

### **2.2 Organisational involvement of CSR**

The managerial perspectives, with regards to CSR performance largely related to stakeholders, government or privately-owned organisation and hence the interest of scholars in exploring the role of CSR in the stakeholders' activities. Most importantly, accept tasks to accomplish activities resourcefully [30]. Managers use both CSR disclosure and dividends to signal sustainable future performance. Also, the progress and CSR is particularly cherished strategically in term of the sustainability of the organisational performance. For instance in South Asia, CSR is used to enhance performance at early stage of development, in environmental and provision of social aspects of CSR [31].

With regards to contribution towards social and environmental welfare such as the provision of recreational services, stakeholders are conscience to CSR. This informed the essence of CSR activities in improving the economy and social changed [32]. Invariably, the CSR concerns in strategies for provision by organisations through several applications, where the stakeholders' challenges are optimally taken into consideration, having encouraging effect [33].

Another gain and effect of CSR the role of project financing decisions, as the financial institutions contributes to facilitate the provision of services in the environment. An impact funds on CSR with regards to project provision, and evidently the stakeholders' concerns [34]. It informs how organisations manage valued variables that brings actions involve supplier selections, aiming at a more dependable performance and the development of projects and services [35].

Socially, much of the CSR assessment shows the inclusion of social and environmental responsibility that is distinct [36]. This is when looked into the study of employee voicing and satisfaction of management [37]. Also in tandem with the study that demonstrates the approaches that include the voices of various community groups [38].

The relationships between CSR and stakeholders, government and private organisations are critical as derived from the reviewed literation influencing managerial competency and strategy, as well as finance and social inclusion in the implementation of projects. This, paved way for this research in the perspective of the CSR in the provision of recreational facilities.
