**6. Limitations and future directions**

Our research is conceptual in nature. Thus, one of its limitations is that it does not provide an empirical insight into the research model. However, the study presents several opportunities for empirical work. The model should be further explored in future research.

Furthermore, in developing this conceptual model, the researchers did not take into account all factors that may influence green competitive advantage. Instead, they focused on the most important assets.

Another limitation of the study is that this model may be limited to use in companies that have various GHRM practices. In contrast, in Morocco, GHRM practices are not implemented, which hinders the applicability of this model in countries where GHRM is still in its beginning. Thus, these countries may not be able to deploy the proposed framework.

Despite these limitations, the model provides a new starting point for investigating the importance of GHRM in cultivating employees' knowledge, values, and commitment for competitive advantage. We encourage studies to test our proposed model in different countries. Undertaking this research would allow an empirical analysis of whether this conceptual model is applicable in different contexts or not. Finally, future research could investigate this research model in ISO 14001 certified companies or socially responsible companies, as these companies may have already implemented GHRM practices and may recognize its importance.
