*Introductory Chapter: Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections – New Perspectives DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108665*

condoms, detecting and treating them in early stages, or even introducing screening programs in the population groups with increased risk of contracting such infections. However, there are certain constraints that prevent the effective application of prevention methods such as: the lack of sexual education programs for children and young people, the available time of clinicians, and, finally, the financial aspects regarding the costs for the implementation of modern laboratory methods for accurate detection of the causative pathogen or determination of antibiotic resistance. As the prevalence of bacterial STIs is increasing in the MSM community, a recent pilot study demonstrated the effectiveness of reducing the transmission of these bacterial infections using pre-exposure prophylaxis by daily administration of doxycycline to men in this community [24].

Besides this, there are opinions that claim that vaccination against sexually transmitted pathogens would be indicated, especially in the case of *N. gonorrhoeae*. This approach can be successful if the origins of antibodies in the genital tract and the mechanisms by which they could exercise protective immunity are elucidated [25]. In recent years, progress has been made regarding the understanding of the molecular basis of the pathogenesis of the infection and the mechanisms of host cell damage, including those of escape from immune surveillance with the aim of obtaining effective vaccines against these bacteria.

Therefore, this book attempts a new approach regarding different aspects of bacterial STIs, presenting points of view, challenges, or individual research, to open new perspectives on this field in order to use advanced methods of diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of these infections that affect a large part of the population all over the world.
