**2. Artificial intelligence: aspects to consider**

AI-based systems can simply consist of software (e.g., voice assistants, image analysis programs, search engines, voice and facial recognition systems), but AI can also be embedded in devices hardware (e.g., advanced robots, self-driving cars, drones, or Internet of Things applications).

AI is used daily, for example, to translate from one language to another, generate subtitles in videos, or block unsolicited email (spam). Far from being science fiction, AI is already part of our lives, in the use of a personal assistant to organize our workday, in the movement in a self-driving vehicle or in the songs or restaurants suggested by our phones.

AI is about developing systems capable of solving problems and performing tasks by simulating intellectual processes. The AI can be taught to solve a problem, but it can also study the problem and learn how to solve it itself without human intervention. Different systems can achieve different levels of autonomy and can act independently. In this sense, its operation and its results are unpredictable, since these systems function as "black boxes" [1].

Today, there are various definitions of artificial intelligence [2]. However, none of them has been universally accepted [3], a fact that leads us to the first challenge, making a timeless, general, and at the same time, robust definition of AI, especially when one thinks of AI and its normative regulation.

A certain issue cannot be regulated without establishing a solid definition of what is regulated. Therefore, it is essential to establish a generally accepted definition of AI that is common and flexible and does not hinder innovation, considering that AI is becoming more and more sophisticated.

The principles enunciated by UNCITRAL when establishing in their Model Laws on Electronic Commerce or on Electronic Signature the procedures and basic principles, as well as fundamental, to facilitate the use of modern techniques can serve as a starting point of communication, in order to record and communicate information in various types of circumstances, such as: nondiscrimination, neutrality with respect to technical means, and functional equivalence. These principles are widely recognized as fundamental elements of electronic commerce [4]. At the same time, they are reflected in the enunciation of the requirements that electronic communications must meet.

In this way, a common European definition must be established [5], including the definitions of its subcategories, considering the following characteristics:

