**4. Proposed system**

The proposed decentralized authentication system, which is required for user authentication, is described in detail in this section. Some of the assumptions that are taken into consideration when developing the proposed methodology are outlined before the proposed system is presented in detail. The blockchain-based authentication systems described above frequently employ these conventions, such as [4]:


Conceived of a smart contract, ledger, and Ethereum blockchain-based decentralized authentication system. Fog nodes will function as blockchain nodes in this system and host a decentralized digital ledger in which each fog node possesses a copy of the smart contract.
