**3.5 Dynamic stress distribution and force chain of particles**

In the final stable stage, the change of particle position is not drastic. Particles have a stable accumulation structure and force chain due to gravity. Under different bottom inclinations, the internal stress distribution and force chain are given, as shown in **Figure 10**. It can be seen that the accumulated particles form a stable force chain structure, and the stress distribution and force chain distribution have a certain

#### **Figure 10.**

*(a) Dynamic stress distribution and force chain of particles with the bottom inclination of 45 degrees; (b) dynamic stress distribution and force chain of particles with the bottom inclination of 15 degrees.*

corresponding relationship. The stress of particles far from the force chain is smaller, and the stress near the force chain is larger in the stable force chain structure. The red vector in **Figure 10** represents the contact force of the node.
