**Figure 1.**

*Classification of thermal energy storage (TES) materials [2].*

*A Review on Phase Change Materials for Sustainability Applications by Leveraging Machine… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.114380*

**Figure 2.** *Melting and solidification behavior of PCM.*

work has led to the innovative use of PCMs in construction materials for sustainable building practices, demonstrating their importance in clean energy solutions, such as in large-scale solar power plants and domestic hot water systems [3, 4]. NASA's advancements in thermal management for space shuttles during the late 1970s further underscored PCMs' utility [5]. By the early 1990s, PCM research expanded to address electronic cooling challenges in high-performance computing, marking the beginning of its application in high heat flux scenarios [6]. The early 2000s saw PCM research diversify into both high- and low-temperature applications, including waste heat recovery and utilization, essential for sustainable energy practices [7]. More recently, the integration of ML techniques has marked a significant milestone, enhancing PCM selection, design, and utilization. This has led to accelerated discoveries of optimal PCMs, improved thermal energy storage systems, and advanced thermal management strategies, showcasing the potential for ML to revolutionize PCM research and applications in sustainability and advanced technology domains [8].
