**Abstract**

The continuous monitoring of electrical consumption helps to understand energy expenditure in functional consumption environments, such as campuses. For this reason, this work details the development of a mechanism that can do so, such as a network of sensors that is available in a telemetry system, which is determined to perform the acquisition and analysis of energy parameters. These actions are based on the concepts of Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data. The acquired data are sent in a virtual local area network (VLAN), which is connected to a database server located in the campus environment, using the IoT concept, through the IEEE802.11/IEEE802.3 standards, so that later the analysis and monitoring of the electrical network can be carried out. For the construction of this prototype, noninvasive current sensors connected to a three-phase meter and a communication card are used to extract data from the meter and send it to the database. In the results, the possibility of specifying 30 energy parameters is obtained, with a packet loss rate equal to zero. With this network of sensors, whatever is in operation, such as low-voltage electrical power transformers, distribution boards, among others, can become intelligent data collection devices, from which information is extracted in real time by telemetry.

**Keywords:** power consumption, energy, Internet of Things (IoT), big data, telemetry, sensors, convergence

## **1. Introduction**

The consideration of the impact of the use of electricity on the progress and economic evolution of a region is decisive and crucial. In this way, in economic costs, energy efficiency strategies and policies must also be formulated to accompany and help reduce electricity consumption [1]. When it is possible and there is the possibility, electrical transformers are observed by complex systems, which means high economic cost or, on the contrary, not being monitored, and there is no local or remote management of the reference variables defined in terms of the behavior of energy consumption [2]. Likewise, the term of electrical energy quality is an important aspect in what refers to the use of the energy supply [2]. In addition,

the determination of the quality of electrical energy is defined by a wide variety of phenomena in electromagnetic physics, which are characterized by certain criteria, such as voltage and intensity, at a certain time [2]. Among the primary parameters of power quality, there is active power, reactive power, power factor, and voltage unbalance, among others [3].

Within the campus-type architectures, measurement devices can be arranged, which configure, know, and control energy consumption. The information obtained is useful when what is observed by the behavior of electricity consumption can be captured and processed as information, which must be directed to a management and control center, which can make the data collected available through an information system and visualization for both consumers and providers [1, 4, 5].

On the other hand, ICTs have offered innovative products and services that constantly change people's way of life [6]. Similarly, the Internet of Things (IoT) has undoubtedly opened a great opportunity, and that is to take advantage of the flexibility and efficiency of digital technology in daily life [4]. In addition, it mixes hardware and software technologies, communication protocols, and different processing technologies [6]. Likewise, it carries out a series of interconnections of equipment, personnel, processes, and data to achieve mutual communication and avoid problems. In this way, IoT can help improve different processes and make them more quantifiable and measurable through the collection and analysis of large amounts of data [6].

On the other hand, the presence of sensors as part of telemetry networks is one of the specifications that drives the development of the IoT in a keyway. These are used to collect and transmit data in real time, thus improving the efficiency and functionality of these IoT environments [7]. For the energy sector, there are four main pillars of IoT in energy saving: the transparency between assets, the monitoring and control of energy consumption at an elemental level, the optimization of energy consumption in real time, and the complete optimization of the system [4]. Likewise, it also includes the production, transmission, and distribution of energy, aspects in which use is made of a great variety of sensors, with which measurement processes are made, and it is through the management of the result of these that it could be possible to decrease in costs as in energy [7]. Furthermore, to improve energy efficiency, it is considered that the share of renewable energy must be increased, and the environmental impacts of energy use must be reduced [7]. In this way, IoT can help the energy sector transform from a centralized energy system to a distributed one with the integration of sensors with connectivity to this technology, that is, managed as a smart grid [3].

On the other hand, it is currently very pertinent to consider the use of IoT and Big Data platforms for the proper processing, management, and analysis of large amounts of data [8]. Likewise, to guarantee that users do not feel overwhelmed by the volumes of information, systems are required that can manage, analyze, and convert said data structure, which is obtained by dynamically processing and extracting an observed system [9]. In addition, in campus-type places, you can have a considerable number of transformers or electrical panels, which, with the integration of sensors, can obtain energy indicators. In this way, it is necessary to use technology, such as IoT and Big Data, among others, which can naturally face these challenges that exist today and, likewise, detect faults that could arise during the transmission or distribution of electricity [5].

The objective is framed in proposing a solution based on IoT and Big Data for the acquisition and analysis of energy parameters through a network of sensors using the IEE.802.11 protocol or the IEE.802.3 protocol. The final sensor network has two

measurement devices, which manage to capture 30 variables; voltages, currents, powers, and frequency are among them. In addition, there is a dashboard in which the variables mentioned above can be seen in real time.
