**5. CPWF approaches for continuing of the river basin management in phase 2**

As mentioned earlier, the CPWF's aim was to identify a set of agricultural solutions (technical, socio-economic, and organizational-institutional) related to water management that can lead to greater resilience of local communities in catchments and protect the environment. It was expected that these strategies would lead to a significant increase in agricultural WP to help solve the "water crisis for food" problem in the world. Therefore, the selected research topics and priorities in phase 2 of the CPWF program (2009–2012) were: Compliance with the CPWF's research agenda in the areas of research topics or basin priorities; to be interdisciplinary and include cross-scale analysis and adaptation (social, ecological); help to improve the interrelationships of water, poverty, productivity, and ecosystems and within a global change context; address issues of rainfall management improvement, benefit sharing, multiple uses of water, drivers, and change processes.

In general, the research priorities for the implementation of Phase 2 of the CPWF program were as follow:

A. Upgrading of rain-fed agricultural systems

Research on this topic aims to increase food security and alleviate poverty by further increasing rainwater for food production in rain-fed agricultural production systems.


**Table 5**

*Percentage area of suitability classes for dryland winter wheat by CC scenarios in KRB upstream [17].*

*Approaches to Improve Water Productivity and Livelihood Resilience in the Karkheh River… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108720*
