**2. Methodology steps**

The methodology was based on the creation, analysis, classification, and hierarchy of the metropolitan and urban areas of Ioannina. Initially, the emphasis on detail was essential because the analysis parts were sorted into pieces, and the primary spatial data were prioritized. Also, open-source software for geographic information systems was used to create the spatial and descriptive data of the Balkan cities. The result of the mapping was presented with images and paintings. Then, schematically, the data analysis methodology was shown concisely, intelligibly, and effectively. In summary, in the end, the conclusions of the research and the results from the spatial, cultural, political, geographical, historical, and demographic study were presented.
