**1.2 Frequency and intensity of temperature, precipitation, humidity, clouds, sunshine and solar radiations**

From 1901 to 2000, the annual mean temperature abruptly increased by 0.75°C in the South Asian region, whilst 0.57°C in Pakistan [9]. From 1961 to 2007, the temperature increased by 0.47°C; the year 2004 was recorded as the warmest year until 2007,

*Vulnerability of Climate Change and Potential of Domestic Adaptation and Mitigation… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110706*

#### **Figure 1.**

*Sector-wise GHG emissions (Mt CO2). Source: Author's computations.*

**Figure 2.** *Future GHG emission scenarios Mt. CO2. Source: Author's computations.*

and the highest temperature rise was recorded during the winter season when it changed from 0.52°C to 1.12°C [10]. During 1951–2000, the mean annual rainfall decreased by 10–15% in arid plains and coastal areas against it increased in the north. During the same time, winter and summer rainfall patterns fell 10–15% in hyper-arid and coastal areas while rose 18–32% in the monsoon zone, particularly in the sub-humid and humid areas. In Baluchistan, relative humidity has recorded a decline of 5%. Furthermore, solar radiation rose by 0.5–0.7% over the southern half, and cloud cover decreased by 3–5% in Pakistan's central region, with an increase in sunshine hours [11].

The various climatic zone-wise annual mean trends of temperature and precipitation are present in **Figure 3**. Zone I (a), Zone III, Zone V (a) and Zone V (b) regions illustrates an increasing trend in the annual mean temperature and precipitation. Zone I (b) and Zone IV regions exposed negative trends in the case of annual mean temperature whilst the adverse trend in the case of annual mean precipitation. Furthermore, only Zone II showed a negative trend in both cases.
