**3. Conclusions**

Knowledge of coproduction processes is required if we are to navigate climate change uncertainty and support evidence-based adaptation policy-making. Largescale systemic thinking at the material (e.g. policies and practices), procedural/relational (e.g. power dynamics), and conceptual/cognitive (e.g. values and preferences) dimensions of human-earth systems is increasingly promoted as a means of enhancing transformative climate change adaptation. Robust decision-making approaches are grounded on a learning process called deliberation with analysis. Deliberation with analysis entails the coproduction of knowledge to support decision-makers and stakeholders to frame the decision problem, specify performance metrics and modeling methods, design the experimental framework, evaluate performance of strategies *Knowledge Coproduction for Transformative Climate Adaptation: Building Robust Strategies DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107849*

across futures, and choose or modify robust strategies. Yet, competing knowledge and perceived injustice can dampen efforts to bring together academic and nonacademic actors in the process. Knowledge coproduction can help to navigate these challenges by making tangible and tractable issues of equity and justice in climate change adaptation planning.
