**5. Conclusion**

To our knowledge, this is the first study that explores which feedback topic patients wish to provide. In PGME, residents are medically trained based on the CanMEDS framework which includes seven different roles. Patients in this study were able to point out feedback topics that corresponded with various CanMEDS roles. It showed that patients and residents see possibilities to use patient feedback for competence development of residents on subjects other than the communicator role alone. To ensure that patients provide effective feedback, it is recommended to avoid feedback on the self-level and collect a diversity of feedback by involving a variety of patients when seeking feedback.

Currently, when patient feedback is sought, this is mainly focused on communication skills. However, in this study patients have provided potential feedback topics corresponding with four CanMEDS competency roles. This insight provides ground to extend the subjects on which feedback is sought from patients rather than a focus on communication skills alone. In order to provide effective feedback to residents and ensure that such feedback remains at the level that enhances residents' learning, it is recommended that patients avoid giving feedback at the self-level. To ensure that residents obtain a variety of both positive and negative feedback, it is recommended to involve a variety of patients when feedback is sought.
