**3.2 Precarious work activities among the migrants**

More than half of the respondents (58.4%) were head porters, popularly referred to as "Kayayee." Scrap dealers came in second (20.4%). The least sampled occupation was truck driving, which had (3.5%) of its members. Long working hours were also reported by the majority of respondents; for example, exactly half (50.4%) reported working between 9 and 11 hours per day, while approximately 30.1% worked 12 to 14 hours per day (see **Table 3**). This observation was made in the course of an interview:

*We do not intend to work for long hours………...but when you step out, sometimes you do not get customers. In that case, you have to extend your stay to cover the losses. In a nutshell, those of us who work long hours earn more than those who work less [IDI, Female migrant, Agbogbloshie].*

Analysis of the results of the chi-square test (see **Table 4**) has indicated that various health risk factors have been encountered by the respondents in their line of duty. For example, (84.6%) have been involved in motor accidents; (83.3%) have experienced burns/cults/explosions; approximately (80.0%) have experienced frequent falls; (78.3%) have received maltreatments/beatings from their masters; and 74.1% have faced the challenge of working in a dirty environment and its associated ill-health. Carrying heavy loads in the scorching sun was the least sampled health risk factor, accounting for 70.4%. Meanwhile, a statistical test shows an insignificant relationship between work activities and health risk factors (χ2 = 1.680, df =5, P =0.891).

The following was revealed in an interview:

*We suffer here a lot. Sometimes while going about your duty, as in trying to cross the road with your load, you are knocked down by a car and the driver will not even stop. [KII, female migrant Agbogbloshie].*


#### **Table 3.**

*Work activities.*


#### **Table 4.**

*Assessment of precarious work and health risk factors.*

*Another respondent also noted that sometimes customers tell you to carry the load to that point, which is not far, but before you realize, they take you to a far place under the scorching sun, and in the end, they cheat you by paying you some small amount. It becomes more difficult while carrying a child behind you… As you can see, we are really suffering [IDI, Female Migrant, Agbogbloshie].*
