**7. Conclusion**

EBM integrates the best available evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to inform clinical decisions. Thus, EBM has three essential elements: best available evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values. The integration of these three components defines evidence-based clinical decisions. This integration can be effectively achieved by completing the five steps of EBM practice. The five-step of the EBM process requires a variety of knowledge and skills. To perform the first step (Step 1), the practitioners need the skills to question current clinical practices and frame answerable clinical questions. To acquire the evidence (Step 2), you need to have knowledge of medical databases and literature search skills. To critically appraise the evidence (Step 3), you must be able to understand scientific methods and statistics (biostatistics and epidemiology). When using evidence (Step 4), clinicians need the ability to use both clinical skills and previous experience to identify patients' health status and diagnosis, their patient values and assessments, and the specific risks and benefits of potential interventions. Finally, to evaluate the performance (Step 5), clinicians should be able to self-assess and reflect on their performance in the EBM phases and the application of evidence and its integration into clinical practice.
