**2.3 Population and sampling**

A total of 190 learner nurses from the second level to the fourth level studying for the bachelor of nursing science program (R425) in the academic year 2020 constituted the population of the study. The three levels of study were the last group for training the curriculum of the R425 program in the Department of Nursing Science. Since learner nurses were from different study levels, the stratified random sampling method was the best relevant method to sample 129 learner nurses according to the Slovin formula for calculating the sample size.
