**1. Introduction**

Food security is a primary concern of significant interest to practitioners, academics, and policymakers all over the globe. Food insecurity is also imperative due to its practical influence on each aspect of social life [1]. Food security is significant as successive food shortages and the food price crisis from 2007 to 2008 brought attention to the substantial importance of food security to ensure political constancy. The importance of food security to public health is incontestable due to the fact that 870 million people throughout the world consume less amount of calories than their requirements, and a plethora of mental and physical health repercussions are associated with such deprivation [2]. Food insecurity assessments and projections determine government policy like Feed the Future Initiative and aid decisions that affect billions of people. Food security helps to maximize economic potential because a malnourished population is less productive. In 2012, Barack Hussein Obama declared that food and nutrition security is an economic concern for the well-being of human beings. Thus, food security is also important from the moral viewpoint that everyone has the equal right to food, clothing, a place to live, and medical care that are good for their health and well-being as described in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (article 25) [3].

Over the last few decades, the idea of food insecurity has developed and expanded in scope. Initially, the primary emphasis was on the availability and production of food [4]. Subsequently, the scope of the concept was broadened to incorporate not only the availability of food but also its production and availability from various ways like sociocultural, physical, and economic perspectives and the utilization of food. Finally, it was extended to incorporate the stability of these measurements [5].

The term "sustainable development" refers to an approach to economic growth that satisfies the requirements of the current situation without affecting the capacity of the next generations to satisfy their requirements [6]. It has been brought up in the context of international debates in order to introduce the concept of sustainability [7]. Sustainability involves a dynamic nature to prescribe the export-related issues occurred during social, economic, and environmental aspects.

According to FAO, [8] food security states that when everyone has physical and economic access to enough, nutritious, and safe food to suit their food choices and dietary needs for a healthy life. Food security involves various factors like suitable food choices, fair prices, advancement in food safety, accessibility to open as well as competitive markets, healthy diets, and a more sustainable food supply chain [9]. Food security is a combination of various problems interlinked with food utilization, accessibility, and availability [1]. Various other issues like water pollution, economic collapse, currency fluctuations, HIV-AIDS, climate change, trade contracts, and political conflicts affect these factors. Some factors play a pivotal role in causing food insecurity, including poverty, low income, lack of education, high food prices, high unemployment rates, scarce property rights, and partial access to markets [10].
