**8. Methods of identification and detection of GMO**

The number and diversity of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for the food and feed market is increasing day by day. So, it is important to efficient identification and detection of GMO in food and feed products. Several strategies have been developed to detect GMO in food/feed samples by using different technologies. In case of the protein-based approaches, ELISA technique and mass spectrometry-based technology are used to characterize GM crops [49, 50]. Protein based detection method is not applicable if the genetic modification has no impact at the protein level. Currently, Many DNA based GMO detection methods have been developed such as quantitative PCR (qPCR), loopmediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), PCR capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE), microarray, Luminex, digital PCR (dPCR), DNA walking and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).
