**Author details**

Sara Baig1 , Muazzam Ahmed<sup>2</sup> , Amna Batool1 , Aneeqa Bashir2 , Saadia Mumtaz1 , Muhammad Ikram3 , Mohsin Saeed2 , Khurram Shahzad1 , Muhammad Umer Farooq4 , Asghari Maqsood<sup>5</sup> and Mujtaba Ikram1 \*

1 Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology (ICET), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

2 Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

3 Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

4 Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan

5 Nanoscale Laboratory, Department of Physics, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan

\*Address all correspondence to: mujtaba.icet@pu.edu.pk

© 2022 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
