**7. Ethics of organoid commercialization**

Organoid technology and biobanking have grown in recent years, paralleling the expansion of stem cell and organoid research. However, ethical, moral, and legal existential questions persist. One crucial aspect is establishing globally recognized consent procedures for research and clinical organoid biobanking protocol. Also, the ethical and moral implications for clinicians while using organ mimics should be called into question. Patenting concerns are bound to arise when organoids are distributed over the world. Collaborations between the public and commercial sectors may lead to data exchange, entitlement sharing, etc. Confidentiality decorum and global patenting rules for organoid rights are therefore evolving. Even the iPSCbased organoids bring new concerns around permission, commercialization, ownership, IP rights, safety, and marketing [70]. The proliferation of big data, genomics, biobanking, and the globalization of the biotechnology sector has complicated the task of setting universal ethical standards. The primary ethical consideration about organoids is who owns them and whether small organ mimics (similar to organs) can be traded? With the advances in organoid technology, where do we draw lines to differentiate between organoids and tissues/organs? Sample de-identification, donor consenting, and licensing rights need to be better defined, especially concerning organoid commercialization. Addressing these bottlenecks may allow quicker commercial application for drug discovery, disease modeling, and research and development.
