**4. Ethical issues**

CRISPR/Cas9 offers a wide range of uses and enormous life-changing potential, but it will take decades to develop. The proper use of biotechnology necessitates meticulous planning and strict control, both of which are far from reality. Altering a gene might have unforeseeable and unfavorable repercussions in the genetically edited species, as well as in other species, and can result in the emergence of new and undiscovered animal and human disease. CRISPR/Cas9 has a wide range of potential immediate public health benefits: it can be used to treat vector borne disease, but there are, nevertheless, significant dangers. Gene editing should be implemented with *Role of CRISPR Technology in Gene Editing of Emerging and Re-emerging Vector Borne Disease DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104100*

caution and followed by more research. Gene editing techniques have the potential to diminish biodiversity and harm ecosystems. The UNESCO Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights recognizes humans as essential members of the ecosystem. How and under what conditions do we have the authority to alter biological beings, and how far do we have that authority? Is it possible to foresee the effects of modifying or removing a particular animal species from its ecosystem? Is there a method to limit the negative consequences as well? The variety of prospective uses for gene drive technology (particularly the manufacturing of bioweapons) and their consequences in this predicted situation are certainly unexpected. Besides this, there are environmental concerns; for example, what will be the impact on predatory fish and insects that consume mosquito larvae, is still under debate. Therefore, in order to environment interest, it should be thoroughly investigated.

#### **5. Discussion**

Insects are a highly diversified group that inhabits many biological niches, has specific habitat adaptations, and performs diverse behaviors. CRISPR system is a very successful tool for precision genome editing in the mosquito compared to the relatively low throughput and high cost of ZFN- and TALEN-mediated mutagenesis. Precision genome engineering in mosquitos holds a lot of potential for studying the genetic basis of behavior and developing genetic strategies to control vector populations [56]. The development of new CRISPR tools and platforms for molecular diagnostics has the potential to revolutionize health care and enhance global epidemiological management. SIT approach has various limitations, adopting innovative methods like PgSIT to control mosquito-borne diseases is a suitable way to implement population control measures.

#### **6. Conclusion**

CRISPER technology is a new approach in the field of vector-transmitted disease that is causing dispute among government, non-government, and policymakers. Scientists all around the world, however, have the opportunity to implement this technology for the benefit of society, notably for the control of the vector mosquitoes. However, it is more crucial to adhere to all the rule and regulations and take stringent biosafety precautions to avoid unintended and unwanted outcomes from genome editing. Existing vector control strategies are unprepared to deal with arboviral disease's exceptional development and reemergence. The tremendous successes in localized eradication, as well as the final inability to eradicate malaria globally, aroused interest in genetic methods to mosquito control. In contrast to several application of Crisper technique it might be disused and scientific discussion around CRISPR is crucial. Despite the risks, CRISPR represents a tremendous potential for humanity, and the precise gene editing will bring in a bright future.

#### **Acknowledgements**

Authors are gratefully acknowledging ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India, for providing the suitable environment facilities that help us to draft the proposed study.
