**Abstract**

The bio-efficacy of Yorkol-branded ITNs collected from Bandundu-city was assessed on the Kisumu strain and wild specimens of *Anopheles gambiae*. The susceptibility of the wild *An. gambiae s.l.* was tested to select insecticides. Adult *An. gambiae s.l.* sampled by PSC and HLC were screened for the presence of *Plasmodium falciparum*. Blood samples were diagnosed by microscopy and RDTs. ITN distributed in Bandundu-city were fully effective on the Kisumu strain, but on wild *An. gambiae s.l.* population (22.3 ± 11.5%). *Anopheles gambiae s.l.* was the main vector in Bandundu. No significant difference was observed between the entomological indices before and after the deployment of nets (OR = 0.8; p = 0.39). Wild *An. gambiae s.l.* populations were resistant to pyrethroids and DDT, with the restoration of the susceptibility to pyrethroids post pre-exposure to PBO. *Plasmodium falciparum* was the main parasite species and was found alone or mixed with. *P. malariae* or *P. ovale*. The confirmation rates by microscopy and RDT were respectively 57.9% and 53.6%. Nets deployed in Bandundu-city were not effective on wild *An. gambiae s.l.* populations. This operational failure is likely explained by the observed resistance to pyrethroids. In the future only PBO-net should be deployed Bandundu-city.

**Keywords:** *Anopheles gambiae* s.l, ITN, entomological indices, Bandundu-city, DRC
