**5. Conclusion**

The alteration of forest areas through anthropic actions favors increases the spread of infectious agents since it enables a pathogen to leave its ecosystem and natural hosts and adapt to other environments and reservoirs. These new interactions create different environmental, epidemiological, and sanitary patterns, especially in emerging and neglected zoonoses, and hinder control and eradication, as in the case of salmonellosis. Wild animals raised as pets or illegally kept in captivity also increase the prevalence of salmonellosis cases in humans mainly caused by exotic serotypes of *Salmonella*, due to direct contact with the bacterial strains in these animals.

Since *Salmonella* spp. can also be transmitted by wild animals, prevention and control measures should include sanitary-environmental factors and an international health inspection system for emerging and re-emerging diseases originating from wild fauna. These measures would enable a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of infections and reduce economic and health costs with diagnosis and medications.
