**7. Conclusion**

Urinary tract infections, community and hospital-associated affects millions of people especially women worldwide each year. As UPEC is the most common microorganism behind these infections, so adequate knowledge and understanding of UPEC, its virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance pattern is vital for adequate treatment and prevent recurrences. In addition, this can help in developing new therapeutics options in the era of widespread antimicrobial resistance.

*Enterobacteria*
