**3. Conclusion**

This chapter summarizes the current knowledge of the existence of diverse bioactive molecules produced by the genus *lactobacillus*. The diverse bioactive compounds synthesized by *lactobacillus* confer health and nutritional benefits to humans and animals. These compounds include bacteriocin, bioactive peptides, short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, enzymes, exopolysaccharides immune-modulating compounds, and bio-converted molecules. Collectively, the physiological function and health of the consumers are enhanced and improved by these molecules.
