**3. Conclusion**

The present study advocated the different attributes of oil production through micro-algal route. Conventional algal cultivation systems include raceway ponds with lower investment cost but also renders lower yields while high value products (microalgae and oil) are produced with closed photobioreactors with high cost investments. However, fresh water demand can be reduced employing the photobioreactors, using waste water, brackish water or seawater as the culture broth.

The presence of high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids gives micro-algal biofuel good flow properties under low temperatures, thus, reducing the risk of cold filter plugging and making it suitable as aviation fuel. Most importantly, the oil composition can be manipulated by selecting the desired strain and the cultivation parameters. This significant feature of the algal oil probably can be a solution to overcome the falling economy. Micro-algal biofuel production can possibly be solutions to reduce conventional energy demand. But increase in yields by enhanced reactor designs, optimized

process control, adapted separation technologies as well as integral concepts considering biology, process design for cultivation, and downstream processing to meet the different requirements for the specific target markets should be addressed in biorefinery concepts to be integrated with coal-based power plants to ensure a cleaner and greener tomorrow.
