*2.4.2 Analysis of lipids as total fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), protein, carbohydrate, and ash content of the microalgae*

According to **Table 2** the composition of different microalgal species viz. *S. acutus*, *C. vulgaris*, and *N. granulata* varies significantly depending on the growth-stage and the growth environment. As per a scientific investigation [43], longer cultivation time and nutrient depletion, the lipid content increases and protein content decreases. The carbohydrate content in *N. granulata* and *S. acutus* increased from early to mid growth stage, while decreased from mid to late stage. On the other hand, an increase in carbohydrate content has been noted in *C. vulgaris* in the starvation phase.
