*2.4.1 Elemental (CHNO) analysis of the algal oil*

CHNO analysis of the algal oil depicts the elemental constitution in order to assess its economic and environmental significance. The Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N) and Oxygen (O) percentage (wt/wt) are reported as 64.2, 16.11, 0.87, and 21.8% respectively in the oil obtained from *C.vulgaris* [41]. The higher heating value (HHV) of the algal oil has been reported as high as 40.43 MJ/kg [42]. The high fraction of carbon and HHV ensure large energy content of the oil that


#### **Table 2.**

*Compositional analysis of the microalgae.*

can be further trans-esterified to bio-diesel or any bio-oil. A negligible fraction of nitrogen (0.89%) and no sulfur content advocate that there is probably no or minimal chance of NOx and SOx emission during the utilization of the algal oil for energy generation.
