*6.1.3 Oxidation*

Chlorination (gaseous elemental chlorine, liquid sodium hypochlorite, or calcium hypochlorite), chloramines, chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, and ozone are all examples of oxidation in this section. UV with hydrogen peroxide is also demonstrated. Because most oxidants will lyse the blue-green algae cells present and release their toxins, peroxidation (the administration of an oxidant at any point in the treatment process prior to filtering) is not suggested. To keep the cell structure intact and the toxins contained, blue-green algae cells should be removed during the coagulation process before adding an oxidant if at all possible (i.e., intracellular). Water systems should consider using a weaker oxidant such as potassium permanganate if preoxidation is required for acceptable turbidity and/or organic carbon removal.
