**Acknowledgements**

The authors would like to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)—Brazil, and the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Finance Code 001.

*Introductory Chapter: Microalgal Biotechnology - The Gold-Green in Modern Sustainable World DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105057*
