**3. Potential mechanism of the MIND diet**

Several studies proved that there is an impact on biological mechanisms of neurocognitive aging by antioxidant, vitamin, probiotic, plant protein, and unsaturated fatty acid content along with low glycemic index/load components in a regular diet [18]. Promotion of vascular health and neuroprotection by anti-inflammatory mechanisms and reducing oxidative stress, ameliorating glycemic control, and supporting a favorable microbiome possibly lead to enhanced cognitive function [19]. Specifically, the observations with the MedDiet and changes in cognitive function may be related to synergistic or individual associations of specific foods, such as olive oil and nuts, due to associations of these foodstuffs with the above-mentioned mechanisms [20–22].

The amalgamation of the Mediterranean and the DASH diet pattern is the MIND diet. Researchers substantiated through observational studies that Alzheimer's disease is prevented or potentially delayed by following these two dietary patterns. Morris et al. [23] in their observational studies found that the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease was reduced by 53% among people who followed the MIND diet strictly and by 35% reduction who followed moderately [24]. This combination of these two diets will reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the body, which moderates brain cell damage. The recommended guidelines for the MIND diet focus more on plant-based foods that are marginally processed, limit animal-based foods that are high in saturated fats, and foods with added sugars. Portion control is also recommended but does not emphasize weight loss. The principles of the MIND diet include having 10 food groups and a limit to 5. The diet advises fundamentally to take 3 servings of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, 1 to 2 servings of beans, poultry, and fish each week, and daily snacks can include nuts and berries every day. The diet highlights mostly choose olive oil as a healthy source of fat for cooking foods. There is no restriction on intake of meats and dairy products, the diet recommends to have sparingly as less than four times a week. As a substitute, the diet recommends protein-packed beans and legumes which are vital for brain health.
