**4. Conclusion**

*Capsicum* species is a good resource of healthy food, mainly including proteins, trace elements, vitamins, minerals, and other substances. In recent years, with the continuous enhancement of people's pursuit of nutritious, healthy food, and increasing health care awareness, chili pepper has been developed as a medicinal health supplement, functional food, and cosmetic component, especially in the dietary aspect. Moreover, its active phytochemical constituents represent a key role in treatment and disease prevention by modulating various cellular pathways. Therefore, we hope this comprehensive and updated information on chili will help promote humanbased studies to facilitate its use in human health and treat diseases in the future.
