**3.5 Oviposition deterrents**

Luteolin 7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 2)-β-D-glucopyranoside was isolated from matured leaves of sweet pepper and identified as the ovipositional deterrent against *Liriomyza trifolii* (Burgess), the American serpentine leaf miner [38]. This insect species attacks *C. annuum* leaves in the young stage. The attack by this insect to leaves of the plant decreases as the plant becomes matured. This compound completely deterred *L. trifolii* females from laying their eggs on a host plant leaf treated at 4.90 g/cm2 [38]. Additionally, phytol [(2*E*)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol] constituent of matured leaves of sweet pepper was also reported as an ovipositional deterrent against *L. trifolii*. Phytol [(2*E*)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol] completely deterred the females from laying their eggs on host plant leaves treated at 35.2 *μ*g/cm2 . 4-Aminobutanoic acid, (2S,4R)-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid, and 4-amino-1--D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone were reported from the leaves of sweet pepper showed oviposition deterrence toward adult flies of *L. trifolii* from laying their eggs on kidney bean leaves (host plant) treated at 3.70, 16.60, and 6.45 g/cm2 , respectively [39].
