**5. Two spontaneous tetraploid hybrids,** *Fragaria moschata F. vesca*

Berries of the tetraploid strawberry found in Jokioinen, SW Finland [38] have the fragrance of *F. moschata* or *F*. *viridis*. At the time I found the tetraploid strawberry in

*Hermaphroditism in* Fragaria moschata*, a Cultivated Strawberry Species… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103974*


*\*One with flowers could be ranked to be female, all the other plants with variegated leaves remained unknown for the flowers.*

*\*\*The gene for variegation must be recessive, but the viability of the homozygotes is reduced and the number is less than expected, or 1/4.*

#### **Table 1.**

*F1 progenies from three berries taken from the* Fragaria moschata *of the Kotka population. No hermaphrodite was observed. Before discarding, the F1 plants were grown for two seasons during which the flowers were ranked using isolation of florescence and observing the anther development grade.*

#### **Figure 6.**

*A variegating chlorotic, deformed and weak descendent grown from the seeds of an open-pollinated flower of the Kotka occurrence of* Fragaria moschata *(Table 1). The occurrence of such mutant seedlings suggests inbreeding of heterozygosity of the allele or instability of the gene. The fact that there appeared significantly less than one forth (1: 3) of the mutants suggests them to have been deleterious with reduced viability in any stages between zygote and seedling. June 3, 2019.*

Jokioinen, explanations for its origin were open, but as the first obvious reason was the hybrid of *F. moschata* and *F. vesca*. Additional information has confirmed it to be an obvious hybrid between *F. moschata* and *F*. *vesca* along with the knowledge published from the genomic constitution of *F. moschata* since that. Two of its tetraploid seedling derivatives [39] or further spontaneous seedlings form the present sample of the Jokioinen hybrid (**Figures 7** and **8**). The original habitat in Jokioinen has been destroyed.

The other hybrid with *F*. *vesca* originates from open-pollinated female clone of *F. moschata* in Kotka. It has 28 chromosomes. Its phenotype is stout. The central leaflet overlaps partly the lateral leaflets. The leaflets are roundish. Apparent due to meiotic

#### **Figure 7.**

*Under open-pollination nearly completely fertile, tetraploid hybrid of* Fragaria moschata F*.* vesca *originating from Jokioinen, Finland [38]. Evidently seedling of the original clone. July 5, 2021.*

irregularities it has low partial fertility of female organs under open-pollination, where there are various tetraploid hybrids around (**Figure 9**). The Kotka and Jokioinen hybrids crossed with difficulty resulting in an F1 plant distinct in morphology from the parents (**Figure 10**).
