**Abstract**

The genus *Fragaria* L. belongs to the family Rosaceae. The basic chromosome number is 7 (x = 7). Around 20 species of diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and octoploid are found in the genus. The species of *Fragaria* are commonly known as strawberries. The genus is found in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere as well as South America. The most extensively distributed species in the genus is *F*. *vesca* L. and the commonly cultivated strawberry is *F*. x *ananassa* Duch. While strawberries are native to temperate climates, some varieties can be grown in subtropical climates. *Fragaria* is a vegetatively propagated crop. The easiest and most direct method for conservation of the strawberry plants is in a field gene bank. Their germplasm remains at risk of loss due to biotic and abiotic factors including climate change. Besides, this approach does not result in the distribution of healthy, virus-free plants. *In vitro* techniques are in place to propagate and conserve *Fragaria* germplasm. *In vitro* storage may be done in cold conditions, or liquid nitrogen as meristem or shoot tip. In this review chapter, tissue culture propagation technique, various aspects and strategies for conservation of *Fragaria* species will be discussed to present a holistic view of *ex situ* conservation of *Fragaria* genetic resources.

**Keywords:** biotechnology, cryopreservation, ex situ conservation, genetic stability, slow growth, tissue culture
