**3. Ways of biofortification**

Because traditional therapies are ineffective, biofortification has been advocated as a long-term alternative for increasing mineral nutrition [17]. Biofortification is a method that improves both mineral content and bioavailability in the edible parts of staple crops. The former can be accomplished through agronomic intervention, plant breeding, or genetic engineering, whereas mineral bioavailability can only be influenced through plant breeding and genetic engineering (**Figure 2**).
