**9. Conclusions**

Agronomic approaches provide a short-term solution compared to breeding approaches. The introduction of high-yielding varieties and extreme use of commercial single fertilizers are the main reason behind micronutrient malnutrition problems. With the adoption of proper management practices significant improvement in nutrient concentration has been observed by different scientists. Fertilization with both micro and macronutrients has been reported to increase the nutritional status of the edible portion of a crop. An increase in the concentrations of Zn and Fe with the addition of Zn or Fe fertilizers has been reported in wheat (*Triticum aestivum*) [26]. Foliar application of Fe and Zn fertilizers has been found to be an easy and effective way of yield and nutrition enhancement in fruits and vegetable crops besides cereals [51]. Water management in winter wheat at the post-anthesis stage was helpful for improving grain quality and nutrient content relevant to the processing and human consumption [20] and the addition of organic matter in the form of green manure, compost, biosolids and biochar caused more uptake of soil-bound Zn and other nutrients and intensify the plant availability of zinc [21] has also been reported. An increase of Fe concentration up to 1.5-fold in the wheat biomass has been found by Watson et al. [22]. Santiago et al. [40] when the plot is treated with a siderophore producing strain T*richoderma asperellum*. To feed the ever-increasing population from the limited land resources require proper knowledge of soil-plant interactions and precise information on the status of different agro-ecological regions so that people can get quality food in their dish. In the short term, agronomic approaches are the most important sustainable technique of biofortification. Biofortification has expensive time-consuming regulatory approval processes, and its acceptance is very low in the society. Besides these challenges, biofortified crops hold a very bright future as these have the potential to remove micronutrient malnutrition among billions of poor people, especially in developing countries.
