**6. Phytochemistry of seeds**

The phytochemistry associated with the pharmacological and therapeutic effects elicited by plant material, literature survey states seeds were observed to contain appreciable amounts of alkaloids flavonoids, anthraquinone, saponin, and terpenoids and tannin (**Table 1**). As mentioned above all factors affect on the composition of chemical constituents. This chapter mainly focuses on the metabolic properties of healthy seeds and the benefits to utilize the bioactive as a drug molecules. In addition,




#### **Table 1.**

*Category of seeds with phytoconstituents belonging to different families.*

healthy seeds and grains are an excellent source of macromolecule and macromolecule. It is observed from the available literature that the seeds which have food value have properties to cure different diseases and its element. Moreover, the oldest sacred book composed of an ancient forms of formulation utilized as medicine from seeds (www.b ritannica.com/topic/Atharvaveda) are Rigveda, Ayurveda, Quran, Bible and other religious scriptures elaborated on the medicinal properties of healthy properties of seeds,

#### **Figure 5.**

*Classification of the cereals, according to the types of proteins intheir grains (source: Adapted from Shewry, 1996.).*

#### **Figure 6.**

*Representation of triacylglycerol biosynthesis in developing seeds.*

this chapter emphasizes the consequences of secondary metabolites available in healthy seeds to utilize for the cure, mitigation of different disease, disorders and its elements.

Whereas phytochemistry tie-up with agricultural science will solve the burning issues of toddy'suncontrolled viral infection or boost the immunity as well. Some important biosynthesis is given here to focus on the metabolites from a different forms of seeds (**Figures 5** and **6**).

#### **6.1 Stages of metabolism macromolecules**

The metabolic stage will begin at an early stage of germination and results in the activity of various enzymes, which are present in the dry seeds or very rapidly become active as seeds imbibe water (**Figure 7**).

#### *6.1.1 Carbohydrates and Lipids*

Sucrose biosynthesis.

### *6.1.2 Sucrose hydrolysis*

Sucrose <sup>þ</sup> H2O ! Invertase Glucose <sup>þ</sup> Fructose

#### **Figure 7.**

*Overview of starch, sucrose and cellulose synthesis in plants and its regulatory architecture source: Google images (Figures 8 and 9).*
