**5.5 Other abiotic stresses**

Under heavy wind velocity, stomata are closed by the plant to reduce transpiration loss of the water. Under excess light, plant undergoes photoinhibition (downregulation of photosynthesis and activating photo-protective mechanisms to prevent light entry to chloroplast). Non-photochemical quenching and enzymatic antioxidant defense against light induced ROS are some mechanisms occur inside plant against excess light. Under shaded condition, adaptation of plant is resulted from adjusting the canopy architecture. For example, height is increased instead of branching to harvest solar energy.
