**6.3 Other active agents**

Targeted delivery of photoactive compounds such as photosensitizers (dyes, metal nanoparticles/clusters, quantum dots, etc.) incorporated with MOFs and NMOFs can be achieved, preventing their degradation and accumulation in the physiological


**Table 3.**

*Examples of NMOFs and MOFs as carriers of active agents for novel therapies.*

systems. These compounds are essential for light-activated novel therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). Xu et al. incorporated a hydrophobic porphyrin-based dye, zinc phthalocyanine inside the pores of ZIF-8 for PDT [26]. Sharma et al. synthesized a bioactive MOF, MB/Cu-GA, for simultaneous PDT and drug delivery. Gallic acid (GA), an anti-cancer agent was directly incorporated into the MOF framework, and the photosensitizer, methylene blue (MB) was post-synthetically encapsulated [101]. Magnetic nanoparticles can also be encapsulated or decorated on the surface of MOF for magneto-cytolytic therapy (magnetic hyperthermia). Chen et al. prepared Fe3O4@PDA@ZIF-90 loaded with DOX nanocomposites for combined magnetic hyperthermia and chemotherapy [102]. **Table 3** summarizes some of the examples of MOFs employed for the delivery of photosensitizers and magnetic nanoparticles.
