**1. Introduction**

Nanomedicine is a branch of medicine. Its goal is to use nanotechnology manipulation and manufacturing of materials and devices with diameters of 1–100 nanometers—to prevent diseases and imaging, diagnose, monitor, treat, repair, and regenerate biological systems [1]. The development of nanomedicine or medical nanotechnology, has brought important new ways to the development of medicines and biotechnology products [2]. As a result of groundbreaking discoveries in the use of nanoscale materials significant commercialization, initiatives have been launched and are at the forefront of the rapidly expanding field of nanotechnology [3, 4], and they are expected to overcome the continuing challenges of ineffective drug delivery systems [5].

Materials with smart properties can be manipulated to respond in a controllable and reversible way, modifying some of their properties as a result of external stimuli such as mechanical stress or a certain temperature. Because of their small size, customizable chemical surface qualities, high volume-to-surface ratio, and, fundamentally, the ability to load active medicinal components and imaging agents, nanoparticulate drug delivery has been discovered to successfully affect nanomedicine [6]. In addition, nano-drug delivery media have been proven to improve beneficial results or effects, and reduce the side effects associated with drugs that have already been approved on the market, enabling new treatment methods and inspiring further improvements in the undesirable drug properties of active biological products. Research that was previously considered undeveloped [7].

Microfluidic technologies use nano-and micro-scale manufacturing technologies to develop controlled and reproducible liquid microenvironments [8, 9]. Lead compounds with controlled physicochemical properties can be obtained using microfluidics, characterized by high productivity, and evaluated by the biomimetic method *in vitro* for a human organ on a chip [8, 10]. The microfluidic generation has become an efficient device for the manufacture of microparticles with controlled morphology and preferred properties due to its ability to precisely control the emulsification procedure and generate droplets of monodisperse compounds in microchannels [11]. Microfluidics' ability to produce double emulsions having one, two, three, or more numbers of droplets with remarkable precision displays the degree of control it provides [12]. Since the size of the particles has a substantial influence on carrier release profile [13], it's crucial to place together polymer matrix with appropriate sizes and size distributions to accurately regulate the release of payloads. The loading of medicines onto the polymeric matrix and the release of payloads can both be controlled by changing their interior structures [14]. Multiple medication delivery can be achieved by altering the size and number of interior partitions [14, 15]. Another way to control the release of the payload is to synthesize polymer fragments by using stimulus-responsive substances [16]. After the environmental triggers (including pH, temperature, or ionic strength) are disclosed, the fragments will pass through physicochemical alternatives and then release the payload [17, 18].

Microfluidic technology has advantages in terms of small particle size distribution, lower polydispersity index, higher packaging and loading efficiency, better batch-to-batch uniformity, and the possibility of easy scaling [19]. Interestingly, the preparation of microfluidic chips is simple and easy to implement, thus realizing the economical production of nanocarriers [20]. Various microfluidic chips have been manufactured to synthesize organic, inorganic, polymer, lipid-based vesicular and hybrid nanocarriers [21]. All in all, microfluidic technology offers a potential platform for the rapid synthesis of various novel drug delivery systems [22].

The manufacturing processes for polymer microparticles are becoming increasingly important for applications such as the controlled release of active ingredients, medical-diagnostic tests, the achievement of superhydrophobic surfaces, the optimal design of impact-resistant polymer composites, and food technology [23].

Polymer microparticles are produced using a variety of processes, including suspension or emulsion polymerization, solvent evaporation, spray drying, small-hole spraying of polymer solution and the Shirasu porous glass membrane (SPG) emulsification method. On the other hand, traditional manufacturing processes have several disadvantages, including the fact that they take time, cause particle coalescence, and lead to non-uniform particle sizes and shape irregularities [24]. To work around these limitations, you can use the electrospray method. Furthermore, the electrospray
