*Lipid and Polymeric Nanocapsules DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103906*

achieving 75% of the loaded compound, capsaicin antimicrobial activity remained intact [103]. Chitosan-PCL core-shell nanocapsules were obtained and loaded with tea tree oil. These nanosystems presented activity against *Cutibacterium acnes*, which makes them useful for topical acne treatment [58]. Also, lipid-core nanocapsules coated with chitosan to test the antimicrobial *in vitro* activity of fusidic acid against Gram-positive bacteria were prepared [59]. The side effects of bedaquiline, a very effective drug against tuberculosis, can be very dangerous. The result of its encapsulation in lipid nanoparticles and chitosan-based nanoparticles suggests that it is possible to achieve a high concentration of the drug in the place of the infection, reducing the dose and therefore, side effects [104]. Encapsulation of the anthelmintic drugs mebendazole, albendazole, and their main metabolite in lipid nanoparticles, showed efficacy for *Cystic echinococcosis* treatment [60]. On the other hand, bacterial biofilms often impede the diffusion and accumulation of antimicrobial compounds, which is why the development of systems able to cross the biofilm is paramount. It has been observed that polymeric nanoparticles can access and change the properties of the biofilm microenvironment due to their size and specific structure. In this way, they interact with bacteria and/or release the encapsulated drugs. Thus, they are systems with a projection in anti-biofilm therapy [105].
