**4. Physicochemical characterization of nanocapsules**

Next to the technical challenge of fabricating nano-vesicular systems, there is an inevitable need both for monitoring the whole process and characterizing the properties of the nanocapsules produced [43]. A variety of characterization techniques can be found in the literature. Some of them are important techniques required to be done in any colloidal system, while the choice of others depends on the specific area of application of the systems. In this sense, the physicochemical characterization involves techniques to study or determine particle size, morphology, and dynamic stability of the nanocapsule suspension, as well as to know their effectiveness as drug entrapment and release systems.
