*3.4.2 Manufacturing and application*

A simple and environmentally acceptable green approach for producing silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate has been devised, utilizing gum Ghatti (Anogeissuslatifolia) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. This approach can have various benefits including better treatment of bacterial illnesses.

The non-toxic, renewable plant polymer gum Ghatti was used as both the reducing and stabilizing agent in a simple and green way to make palladium nanoparticles from palladium chloride. The development of deep brown color and wide continuous absorption spectra in the UV-visible range verified the synthesis of palladium nanoparticles. At a considerably lower nanoparticle dosage, the nanoparticles demonstrated improved antioxidant activity. To evaluate the homogeneous catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles, dyes such as coomassie brilliant blue G-250, methyl orange, methylene blue, and a nitro compound, 4-nitrophenol, were reduced using sodium borohydride. The nanoparticles showed high catalytic activity in dye degradation, and the findings suggest that biogenic palladium nanoparticles might be used as a nanocatalyst in environmental remediation [26].

Because of the unique intrinsic catalytic properties of diverse size, shape, and surface-functionalized gold nanoparticles, their prospective applications in disciplines such as drug transport, diagnostics and biosensor are being investigated. However, the traditional method of production of these metallic nanoparticles employs hazardous chemicals as reducing agents, an extra capping agent for stability, and surface functionalization for drug delivery objectives. Gum Ghatti can be a great drug delivery option for stabilizing this nanoparticle [27].
