**4.4 Other nanoparticles**

Various chemicals and drugs can be loaded on plant gums which can have a great antibacterial effects. For instance, in a study, chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol were loaded on Guar gum (CS/PVA/GG), then their effects were studied on *Pasteurella multocida*, *S. aureus*, *E. coli*, and *B. subtilis.* After the preparation of a mixture of chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol)/guar gum (CS/PVA/GG), the ratio of swelling, together with antimicrobial properties, was studied. These components were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).

In another stud, selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) were loaded on Gum Kondagogu. Role of gum on synthesis and mean particle size was studied using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Size of the NPs was determined (from 44.4 to 200 nm) and mean particle size was 105.6 nm. Antibacterial potential of these NPs on *B. subtilis* and *Micrococcus luteus* were checked with well diffusion assay.

It should be stated that the results for these studies and their related references are stated in the table down below.
