**11. Layout and planting**

The seedlings are transplanted in the field when they reach 5–7 cm in height, spaced 80 cm apart in rows and 2 m apart between rows. In New Zealand, the trees are kept 2.5–3 m apart in paired rows 2.5 m apart with 4.25 m between each pair. In mechanized production, single row planting distances of 1–1.5 m between plants and 4.5–5 m between rows is recommended. In unprotected areas where winds are strong closer planting is recommended by keeping 1.5–1.8 m between the plants and 2.5–3 m between the rows and the trees may be staked to prevent swaying and disturbing of roots. In India, the trees are planted in pits 1.2–1.5 m apart. On poorly drained soils, plants should be planted on ridges. In poor soils or soils where nematode infestations or virus infections are possible prevalent, replanting with clean stock will be necessary and is recommended after a period of 3 or 4 years.
