*4.1.1 Biopesticide based on atropine*

In 1850, a Belgian chemist named Jean Servial Stas was the first to successfully isolate an alkaloid poison, extracting nicotine from the tissues of the murdered Gustave Fougnie with a mixture of acetic acid and ethyl alcohol. To keep pests away from plants and crops, Jimson seed is used as a pesticide. This method is effective against insecticide-resistant pests while causing no harm to beneficial insects. Jimson oil and seed extracts, which are used to make pesticides, are known to have germicidal and antibacterial capabilities, making them useful for protecting plants from various pests. One of the most significant differences between Jimson-based insecticides and their synthetic counterparts is that they do not leave any residue on the plants. Jimson insecticides are frequently employed in agriculture because they serve an important role in pest management. There has been a noticeable movement worldwide from synthetic pesticides to non-synthetic pesticides, owing to widespread understanding of the synthetic pesticides' adverse effects not just on plants and soil, as well as other living organisms.

Because atropine has multiple modes of action, insect species are unlikely to develop resistance to it based on just one. Most synthetic pesticides, on the other hand, target the insect's nervous system, and resistance to one chemical leads to resistance to all others that use the same response pathway. Atropine has long been thought to be an environmentally beneficial insect pest management strategy for plant protection.
