**5. Conclusion**

In the light of the present review, tobacco smoking has deleterious effects on reproductive health including gametes from both parents. Active or passive smoking negatively affects not only the parents but also the offspring. Therefore, the lifestyle factors are very important factors for pregnancy and delivering healthy children. Smoking women and men reproductive age should be strongly encouraged to quit smoking before trying to conceive. Besides, research is still needed to understand how and why smoking causes adverse outcomes in these patients.
