**2. Research methodology**

This chapter deals with the methods and techniques used for this research work.

#### **2.1 Research design**

A descriptive survey research design was selected for this study.

#### **2.2 Area of the study**

The area of the study is the Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu. It is located in the Government Reserved Area (G.R.A). The hospital was established in 1952, became a specialist hospital in 2005 and a teaching hospital in May 2006. It is the only tertiary hospital owned by the state government. Geographically, on the North, it is bounded by the polo park shopping mall (shoprite), bounded by Christ the King Catholic Church on the South, bounded by solid FM radio station on the West and on the East by New Market.

#### **2.3 Population of the study**

The target populations for this study are women attending the antenatal clinic of Enugu state university of science and technology Parklane.

#### **2.4 Sample size**

The sample size was statistically determined using the Taro Yamane formula. On monthly basis, an average of 1194 women visit the clinic, 312 women visit weekly and an average of 49 women visit daily. A sample size of 175 was derived using this formula. (Source: Antenatal Unit Daily Attendance Records from March to April; 2020)

$$\mathbf{n} = \frac{\mathbf{n}}{\mathbf{1} + \mathbf{N}(\mathbf{d})} \tag{1}$$

where n = sample size, N = the population size, d = the level of precision (assumed to be 0.05 at 95% confidence level).

where N is 312

$$\mathbf{n} = \frac{\mathbf{312}}{\mathbf{1} + \mathbf{312}(\mathbf{0.05})^2} \tag{2}$$

$$\mathbf{n} = \frac{\mathbf{312}}{\mathbf{1} + \mathbf{312}(\mathbf{0.0025})} \tag{3}$$

$$=\frac{\text{312}}{\text{1} + \text{0.78}}\tag{4}$$

$$=\frac{\text{312}}{\text{1.78}}\tag{5}$$

$$\mathbf{n} = \mathbf{1} \mathbf{\overline{5}} \mathbf{.} \tag{6}$$

$$\mathbf{n} = \mathbf{1} \mathbf{\overline{5}} \text{ women}$$

#### **2.5 Sampling technique**

Convenience sampling technique was used for this study.

#### **2.6 Instrument of data collection**

The instrument for data collection was a well-structured researcher developed questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on the research objectives and was divided into four sections. **Section A** contained questions on demographic data, **Section B** contained questions on knowledge of intrauterine device. **Section C** contained questions on the use of intrauterine device and **Section D** contained a question on the common side effects of the use of intrauterine device.

#### **2.7 Validity and reliability of instrument: Face and content validity**

A pilot test was conducted using 10% was carried out at Polyclinic and Uwani cottage hospital. The reliability of the study was determined using Pearson's formula and a reliability of 0.8 was gotten.

#### **2.8 Ethical considerations**

The following ethical issues were considered while carrying out the research work. A letter of introduction was obtained by the researcher from the Head, department of nursing sciences UNEC; a letter of ethical clearance was obtained from the Chief Medical Director of ESUTTH Parklane permitting the researcher to share the questionnaire among the women attending the antenatal clinic. The nursing service department was notified about the ongoing research. The researcher explained the

*The Knowledge and Use of Intra-Uterine Device by Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinic… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104097*

research process to the respondents and obtained verbal consent before giving out the questionnaires to them. Respondent's personal information was kept confidential and anonymous. The principle of voluntary participation was applied to recruit participants for the research. All the authors whose works were used for this study were cited and referenced properly.

### **2.9 Method of data analysis**

Questionnaires were collected and counted to ensure they are complete. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods like tables, frequencies and percentages.
