**5. Circular economy barriers and mitigations**

According to the study by [43, 45], there are 16 barriers if the circular economy in developing countries' supply chains. Among them, "lack of sufficient environmental regulations" and "lack of policies for promoting circular economy" were the main barriers. Their survey also found that only 65.33% of professionals were aware of the circular economy.

Out of 25 barriers identified from the literature, 12 barriers were shortlisted by building sector experts [45]. The MICMAC technique and CE barriers-indicator matrix were used by Bilal et al. [46] to identify key barriers to CE. According to their study, the key barriers were "lack of environmental laws and regulations", "lack of customer/public awareness", "lack of support/public awareness" and "inadequate financial resources". They also recommended further CE assessment by collecting

**Figure 8.** *Circular economy barriers mitigation framework [46].*

quantitative data, the round of expert's opinions, testing building materials, and preparing database (**Figure 8**).

Inadequate knowledge and certified professionals on circular economy strategies are also significant construction problems of circular economy for a new generation and refurbished buildings. In many cases, the designers are selecting the building materials without being aware of the whole life cycle scenario of the materials. Sometimes the strategies are based on so many assumptions which may lead the strategy to failure which.

Additional detailed information should be included in the "Circular Economy Statement" which is prepared to submit to the Greater London Authority (GLA). So that, the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed strategies can be identified properly to ensure the presence of adequate measures.
