**Abstract**

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is now being widely used in several branches of biomedical science ranging from ophthalmology to neurology. Emerging from it, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a noninvasive, depth-resolved imaging tool for the visualization of retinal vascular changes. In the field of neuroophthalmology, OCT-A proves to be superior than the conventional Fluorescein angiography (FA) or indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). This chapter discussed the role of OCT-A in different neuro-ophthalmological and central nervous system (CNS) disorders including multiple sclerosis, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), papilledema, papillitis, glaucoma, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral small vessel diseases, and stroke. Since neuro-ophthalmological and some neurologic conditions show consistent peripapillary and macular capillary changes, OCT-A can be a future useful tool in a physician's armamentarium due to its capability for better delineation of the superficial and deeper retinal and choroidal vasculatures. Furthermore, its limitations, technical challenges, and future research directions are illustrated in this chapter.

**Keywords:** OCT-A, neurology, neuro-ophthalmology, angiography, optical coherence tomography, Parkinson, stroke, Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, optic nerve, papilledema
