**Abstract**

Obstruction of the biliary tree may be caused by a number of benign and malignant conditions. The most common cause of biliary tree obstruction is due to stones, a condition known as choledocholithiasis. This is a potentially life-threatening condition, requiring urgent diagnosis and treatment. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is currently the most common intervention carried out in the treatment of obstructive jaundice. Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration, first performed about 30 years ago, has an important place in the management of choledocholithiasis. The laparoscopic approach is considered a safe and effective method for the removal of common bile duct stones, comparable to the results of ERCP.

**Keywords:** obstructive jaundice, biliary obstruction, choledocholithiasis, acute obstructive cholangitis, laparoscopic common bile duct exploration
