**1. Introduction**

Orthognathic surgery with reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) addresses conditions where dentofacial deformity (DFD) is present along with damage to the temporomandibular joint. Basically, these are conditions where [1, 2]:


The aim of treating these conditions is:


This goal is achieved through standard orthognathic surgical techniques (sagittal osteotomy, LeFort I osteotomy, genioplasty), together with the use of TMJ reconstruction techniques in a single surgical procedure. Patients may also choose two-stage surgery (TMJ reconstruction and subsequent orthognathic surgery), however performing both procedures in a single operation reduces the impact of general anesthesia, reduces the overall duration of surgery and the patient need only recover once, which is an indisputable benefit. Nonetheless, performing both procedures at the same time requires flawless preparation and planning [3–7]**.**

In general, a stable TMJ is required for a stable orthognathic outcome. If the TMJ is pathologically altered, then correcting facial asymmetry while ignoring the pathological condition of the TMJ can lead to a recurrence of facial asymmetry, malocclusion, and exacerbation of joint problems [1].
