**8. Discussion**

**Rathi Rela et al. also** concluded that TENS therapy showed favourable results in pain management in TMD patient [22].

**Y. Zhang et al.** state that TENS could attenuate movement-evoked pain and improve jaw motor function during repeated jaw movements. This study indicated that movement-evoked pain was reduced either spontaneously or by TENS in TMJ pain patients [23].

**G.moger et al.** concluded that TENS shows good results in relieving muscular pain and chronic pain [24].

The useful effects of the TENS are explained by different theories. One theory is that TENS directly stimulate the motor nerves resulting in rhythmic contraction of the masticator muscles. These changes lead to increased blood flow and oxygen to the muscles, and reduce interstitial oedema and build-up of harmful toxins. Thus, overall result is reduction of pain and improved mobility of TMJ.

Instead of pain, your brain feels the pleasant tingling, massage-like sensation of the TENS, and the TENS current also stimulates your body to produce endorphin, which creates dull pain and sense of well-being.

TENS treatment also relaxes the jaw muscles, lesser the degree of stress, and reduces the pain.
