**5. Diagnostic cystoscopy**

Nurse led diagnostic cystoscopy in outpatient setting using either flexible or rigid cystoscopes has been successful in tertiary centres and it has proved to help service provision and improves patient flow. Patient referred for diagnostic cystoscopy are mainly those having recurrent urinary tract infections, haematuria to exclude bladder stones or tumours, bladder pain to exclude interstitial cystitis and patients with suspected urinary tract injury or fistula. The limiting factors nurse led cystoscopy is the resource availability and training curve required.
