**10. Effective strategic leadership**

Nursing as a profession is incessantly evolving hence requires strong and dynamic leadership. The complex and dynamic nature of the nursing environment requires nurse executives to leverage the basic tenants of strategic leadership to promote nursing performance and service delivery [14]. It's all about developing a feeling of purpose and direction, which are crucial enablers for interacting with key internal and external aspects in the organization's environment [16]. Strategic leadership, according to Nwachukwu and Vu [17], is based on the ability of a leader to think strategically and see the future to improve the efficiency of the business. Strategic leadership is not only about having unique qualities that allow for the acquisition and learning of new knowledge and ideas but also having an adaptive capacity to effectively respond to the dynamism and complexity of the external environment. Hence, strategic leaders may respond to a changing environment by constantly and tactically adjusting their organization. The presence of strategic leadership is not enough to promote organizational effectiveness as other antecedents can be at play [16]. Effective strategic leadership is a crucial aspect of organizational effectiveness and has been associated with numerous organizational outcomes [18]. Effective strategic leadership can identify the moderation and mediating factors such as the internal and external environmental dynamics, taking advantage of the opportunities and overcoming the threats [19]. Organizational strategic flexibility and sustainability are facilitated by the strategic leadership. This means that a nursing organization's longterm strategic planning hinges on its leadership, in which leaders adopt a common vision of what the organization will become [12].

To be an effective strategic leader, an organization should first determine its long-term goals, strike a balance between internal and external controls, efficiently manage its resources, maintain an effective organizational culture, and focus on ethical standards.


changes in turnover rates. Learning and growth perspective criteria also include improvements in innovation ability, the number of new products compared to computers and increases in employees' skills.


efforts, important strategic actions are carried out consistently. The kinds and numbers of policies and procedures employed by various kinds of organizations vary widely. There must be a good synergy between an organization's policies and procedures and its overall strategy.

7.Developing reward systems. Effective plan execution can only be achieved through employee commitment if they get incentives. Behavioral control can be achieved in part through the use of rewards. Those who achieve their goals should be rewarded abundantly, and those who don't achieve their goals should not be rewarded. Strategy-based incentives and monetary compensation should be used to motivate employees to improve efficiency and find ways to save money. Distinguishers should recognize and reward those who are creative. Consequently, organizations must reward and encourage their employees in ways that complement the strategy and implementation of the business plan.
