**4. Microstructural features of Ti-Mg alloys**

The Ti-alloys are already recognized as the most promising materials for dental and orthopedic implants. This is due to their excellent biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, superior corrosion resistance, and no allergic issues [72]. Adding Mg provides multiple biological advantages to Ti biomaterials. Some of these advantages are an elastic modulus closer to that of human bone, high biocompatibility, and low toxicity. The mismatch between elastic modules of human bone and dense metallic biomaterials is considered the main cause of implant failure. Typically, the elastic modulus of human bone has a maximum value of 30 GPa, while that for metallic biomaterials ranges from 100 GPa for chemically pure Ti to
