**2. Potential use of the Mg alloys in industrial applications**

One of the key techniques to reduce fuel consumption and subsequently greenhouse gas emission is to shift to lightweight vehicles. Magnesium alloys with their low density, easy recyclability, and high strength-to-weight ratio are exceptional candidates in the automotive and aerospace sectors [24]. However, the high chemical reactivity and the low standard corrosion potential (~−1.65 V.SCE), which is less electropositive than aluminum alloys (~ (−0.73 V.SCE)), make them highly susceptible to corrosion, limiting their use in such areas [25]. In order to prevent corrosion of Mg alloys, surface modification techniques such as sol-gel technology have attracted increasing interest for many researchers.
