*3.1.1 Advantages of sonochemistry in liquid-state conditions*

As being new and fast-growing technology, ultrasonic treatment has become a significant step in several industrial applications. It is seen that acoustic waves usage shortens the reaction time and increases the reaction yield in comparison with the traditional methods. Due to these effects of cavitation, energy saving can be obtained according to the experimental setup. For this reason, the use of an ultrasonic beam is preferred to obtain proper particle formation.

In many synthesis procedures, the ultrasonic treatment is accepted as a vital step. The employment of ultrasound in the synthesis procedure accelerates the reaction rate and yield. The effects of ultrasound can be operated by factors of power level, cycle, ultrasonic treatment time, and type of ultrasonic reactor. The common types of power sources for ultrasonic treatment in laboratory scale are presented in **Figure 5**.

The reaction mechanism of sonochemistry has not been defined in a detailed way. However, the beneficial contributions of ultrasound make it frequently employable in applications. The studies on the use of sonochemistry are generally based on the prevention of by-product formation, efficient use of raw materials, eco-friendly solvent usage, better waste management (selectivity), and energy savings [41].

Yildirim et al. [42] synthesized the mixtures of Admontite (MgB6O107H2O) and Mcallisterite (Mg2[B6O7(OH)6]29H2O) at higher reaction yields than 84% by using

*Magnesium Borates: The Relationship between the Characteristics, Properties, and Novel… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104487*

acoustic cavitation [42]. Kipcak et al. [43], produced the magnesium borate hydrates at higher crystallinity in a sub-micron scale with the effect of ultrasound energy [43]. The comparison of the Admontite morphologies synthesized by the ultrasonic liquidstate method and the traditional liquid-state method was presented in **Figure 6**. As is seen in **Figure 5**. In comparison with the traditional liquid-state methods, smaller particle sizes were observed in the use of ultrasonic-assisted synthesis techniques [6, 42].
