**5. Conclusions**

1.To design the reliable and economical foundations, the practical design experience of Russian engineers-researchers confirms the efficiency of a *combined approach* used in the foundation's analysis while karst deformations occurrence based on the use of the finite-element method with elastoplastic soil

**Figure 11.** *Dependence of* P/P1 *on* b/B *ratio.*

model for calculating stresses, deformations, and coefficient of subgrade reaction of the base.

