**3.3 Balance of matter of the obtaining of the biofertiliser of Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium according to the optimal formula.**

To determine the yield of the optimum formula of the mycorrhiza and Rhizobium biofertiliser, a balance of matter was carried out starting with 10 kg of pea root and 10 kg of pine fungus, the roots and fungi were selected taking into account the optimum characteristics, 16.7% was lost. The conditioning operation discards the unusable parts, stems and filaments, losing 13% during the drying operation and eliminating 55% of the water. The dry material is milled with a loss of 2%, thus obtaining a yield of 13.3 % with respect to the initial raw material (1,333 kg).

1,333 kg (50% dry pea root + 50% dry pine fungus) is mixed with 2,221 kg of black soil 0,888 kg of potato peel flour, making a total of 4,442 kg of biofertiliser for every 10 kg of fresh pea root and 10 kg of fresh pine fungus.

### **4. Economic viability**

The economic feasibility assessment was carried out in each production phase and two stages.

The first stage is called obtaining the strains from the pea root and the pine fungus, both of the same proportion, these are selected, cut, crushed, and dried, in each process,


#### **Table 4.**

*Result first phase.*


#### **Table 5.**

*Cost first phase.*

there are diligently measured losses between them; there is a loss of 86.7%. Based on these losses, it can be deduced that the yield in this first stage amounts to 13.3% (**Table 4**).

The second phase deals with the elaboration of the biofertiliser product from the previously obtained strains. This consists of a mixture of strains from the first phase (30%), black soil (50%), and potato peel flour (20%) (**Tables 5** and **6**).

In the beginning, 10 kg of pea root at a price of 2.00 Peruvian suns (PEN) and 10 kg of pine fungus at 14.00 PEN each Kg are used, making expenses of 20.00 and 140.00, respectively.

For the second phase, black soil is required in quantities of 4,442 kg equivalent to 50% of the total mixture of 1.5 soles, amounting to 6,663 soles and potato peel flour in quantities of 1,776 kg equivalent to 20% of 1.00 PEN, amounting to 1,776 PEN.

The labour required is three daily wages of 30.00 each making 90.00 PEN.


#### **Table 6.**

*Cost second phase.*

With these costs and wastage, a total of 8,884 kg costs 258,439 PEN, which is 29.09 soles or 5.82 GBP per kg of biofertiliser.

The yield tests in the field show a yield of 60% when using 30 g per kg of seed potato, however, it is necessary to carry out further field tests to prove the effectiveness of each product.

Regarding the analysis of the competition, there are products, such as Trichoderma, which in its presentation of 100 g has a cost of 4.00 GBP, shipped in Ecuador in South America. Another product is the blood meal whose price per 1 Kg is 140 GBP on average and the Mycoracine that in the presentation of 500 g has a value of 543.50 GBP or the Bacillus Subtilis of 500 g at a cost of 445.00 GBP

### **5. Discussions**

Antagonism is the direct inhibitory activity exerted by one microorganism on another and controls it biologically by attenuating damage to growth systems [24].

The antagonism test against soil phytopathogens was measured with respect to the fungus Fusarium Solani, the F2 and F3 formulations were effective in the antagonistic capacity against this fungus, which represents 100% of the strains, This could be due to the fact that the number of Streptomyces strains evaluated exceeded 4,000, since the inhibition zones obtained are equivalent to the average inhibition percentages obtained in the present study [23], the mechanism of antibiosis effect is presumed to be by means of inhibitory metabolites, in the same way as [24] or by repellency, as in Abanto-Rodríguez et al. [2].

Regarding the recovery of soils, the product obtained is easily used in the prevention of soil erosion [1] and can be considered as a new form of chemical energy alternative to conventional ones [5], as both mycorrhiza- and rhizobium-based products increase the amount of N in the soil as well as K and Mg, the results are similar to those obtained by Borges et al. [13], Figueiredo et al. [14], Cardoso et al. [15], and de Sousa et al. [18] for their effectiveness in biotisation.

The methodology for obtaining the biofertiliser differs from those obtained in aerobic digestion [16], in that the method proposed in this study allows the creation of a product directly proportional to its amount of addition.

Biotisation is the use of fungi and bacteria on plants that achieve acclimatisation and creation of beneficial rhizosphere [25], the effect of biotisation showed the growth of the root system, its acclimatisation and increased root functionality, comparisons show that F3 in barley is 100% effective in direct benefit to farmers [3] and similar to the findings of Flore-Córdova with the ability to replace traditional fertilisers [7] even at a lower cost as it is not necessary to inoculate boosters like Fornasero and Toniutti [8] to achieve results, These results are supported by Grageda-Cabrera et al. [10] and Larapérez et al. [11], but they are better than Moreno-chirinos et al. [12] as they achieve nodule formation higher than 40 % of crops, with values of 95 % in peas and even the less effective F1 formula shows 55%.

### **6. Conclusions**

The biofertiliser based on mycorrhiza and rhizobium is antagonistic to the fungus Fusarium Solani, increasing its antagonistic activity by increasing the dose of these strains in the formulation.

*Biotisation of Vegetables DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102551*

The biofertiliser based on mycorrhiza and rhizobium is able to recover soils for the cultivation of peas, potatoes and barley.

The biofertilisation effect of the biofertiliser understudy is higher in barley (100% effective) due to its higher capacity to produce substances that stimulate plant growth.
